Appreciation

I feel very appreciative of my website visitors and feel certain that they feel appreciation that they have found this FREE and informative site. However, neither of those feelings are what this little article is about. I want to reassure you that there is every reason imaginable* to feel sure that the value of your home will indeed go up.

You have surely read learned articles by so-called experts that solemnly predict that the real estate bubble is about to burst. Balderdash!! You must remember this: (no, not that famous old love song) all real estate is local. There is no doubt that some properties somewhere have sold for inflated prices. Perhaps this has even happened in your target neighborhood, but the vast majority of these overvalued pieces of real estate are located elsewhere.

If you buy a well-constructed home in a good neighborhood for a fair price, you won't need to worry about bursting bubbles. This is true because overpriced/overvalued homes located out of your area do not have any direct effect on prices/values in your locality. It bols (my wife's pronunciation of boil) down to this: if you are careful not to pay top dollar for your home, and avoid owning the most expensive home in the neighborhood, you will not lose by buying your home.

I am always reluctant to quote statistics (...liars, damn liars, and statisticians) but I found this little tidbit from the US Census Bureau to be comforting - since 1940 (when they first started asking about home values) property values have risen IN DOUBLE FIGURES in every decade except in the 1980's, when they only rose 9%.

Just buy your home, and don't worry about the appreciation aspect of home ownership.

*well, there are apocalyptic visions one could have that would preclude real estate appreciation. But if the Apocalypse occurs, it won't hardly matter if you own or rent, will it?

Paul Anderberg
http://www.first-time-home-buying.net

Mr Anderberg is the author of many helpful articles about home buying. Visit his website to read more. Several others are also available on this site.

AFrame Chalkboards

These are widely used by coffee shops and other retail establishments to display details about their wares. A-Frame chalkboards are a common sight on the sidewalks of several streets. A- Frame chalkboards make great signboards. These boards are used widely by restaurants, specialty stores, and any business that wants to reach out to potential customers. Such boards let people know what's inside a shop. Many a reluctant shopper is lured inside by the advertisements on the boards outside the shop.

Restaurants use these boards to communicate daily and weekly specials to customers. These boards are also used for communicating any other special information to the general public. As these boards tend to stand out in the sun and other elements the whole day long, they need to be sturdy. They are often constructed of heavy duty aluminum and are given a satin anodized finish.

A-framed chalkboards are generally designed to provide ample writing space. The height of the boards is also taken into consideration and is made such that a person of average height can write on the board comfortably. The board's corners are reinforced with steel angles for long-lasting durability. The edges are rounded off for purposes of safety.

Composition chalkboard, porcelain chalkboard, white melamine marker board, black melamine marker board, white porcelain marker board and black acrylic marker board are the usual surfaces that A-framed chalkboards are manufactured in. A variety of frame choices are made available to break monotony. Choices given are red oak with a polyurethane finish, heavy-duty aluminum with a clear satin anodized finish and heavy-duty aluminum with a black powder-coated finish.

A-framed chalkboards are perfect mediums for displaying imaginative ideas. Eye-catching color graphics and logos can be incorporated into displays to add visual interest and selling impact. These boards with attractive displays are use to build product awareness and create brand preferences. A-framed chalkboards are placed strategically in public locations to generate public interest. Board trims enhance the visual appeal and can be used to create unique displays.

Chalkboards provides detailed information on Chalkboards, Kitchen Chalkboards, Magnetic Chalkboards, Slate Chalkboards and more. Chalkboards is affiliated with School Backpacks.

How I made $235000 in 18 months investing in Real Estate

Learn how I made $235,000 investing in real estate with my first property. Buying real estate and making money really is not hard at all. More millionaires are produced from real estate than any other money making opportunity out there. There really is nothing to it, all you have to do is follow some simple techniques and know how to look for that hot property with potential, before it gets scooped up by your competitors who want to make that dollar as well.

The real estate game usually is not a get rich quick program, yet you can make a great deal of money with a little patience. I have two family members who have between them $1.5 million in equity in their homes right now, yet that took 30 years or more to accumulate. The good thing about them is that they are older, one is retired and the other is close to retirement, so they are secure financially during those crucial years. Learn how I did it the simple and easy way, I have no program to sell you. what I have to share with you is so simple, that I can just tell you. You can have that little bit of knowledge free to add to what you already know about how to make money in real estate.

Thank You,

Ronald http://www.freeatlast-ron3.blogspot.com

Reebok Heart Rate Monitor Review

The quality fitness gear manufactured by Reebok is known worldwide. For all your exercise needs, you can turn to Reebok for everything from work out gear to the perfect athletic shoes. Now, you can enjoy a complete fitness package from Reebok with a selection of heart rate monitors sure to get your blood pumping.

Reebok offers its customers eight different styles of heart rate monitors, all of them designed with Reebok?s high quality standards. The modern designs are small and lightweight, so you can wear them anywhere. Wristwatch capable, you can use your Reebok heart rate monitor on a daily basis for more than exercise.

For those looking for something even smaller and simpler, some Reebok heart rate monitors come in strapless designs. The strapless plus and Reebok strapless (available in either silver or blue) are both small and easy to use with a multitude of features designed to help you get your heart rate to the target level, and keep it there. Using a heart rate monitor, you can design a fitness program that helps you get the most out of your minutes (and the most out of your exercise routine).Keeping your heart rate at the target level is the surest and quickest way to reach your desired fitness results. Let Reebok keep track of your heart rate, so you can worry about all the rest.

Other Reebok heart rate monitors include the distinctive Reebok 90, RS-I, RS-II, and RS-III, all incorporating modern, stylish designs sure to look great and perform at a top-notch level for you. Features like calorie counters, lap timers, memory storage, and alarm clocks make Reebok heart rate monitors perfect for any fitness plan. If you aren?t reaching your target heart rate and staying there, you aren?t getting the most out of your workout.

For the total fitness package, look to the Reebok Fitness Trainer heart rate monitor. This device works as a watch so you can always use it (whether you?re working out, or just working) and offers some of the latest in heart rate monitor features. A triple-row display will show your average heart rate as well as your highest and lowest during exercise time. The memory features record your time while showing when (and how long) you reach your target heart rate zones. For total fitness, the Reebok Fitness Trainer is one of the best in heart rate monitors on the market.

Best of all, Reebok heart rate monitors are all extremely affordable and inexpensive. While some feature-full heart rate monitors cost one hundred dollars (and more), all designs made available by Reebok range between sixty to eighty dollars. You?ll get Reebok tech, modern design, and lightweight construction jam-packed with fitness features, and you?ll get it all for an affordable price. Want more from your fitness regime? You want Reebok heart rate monitors. Find the one that?s right for you; with so many to choose from, it shouldn?t be difficult.

Looking for Top Brand Heart Rate Monitors at Below Retail Prices?

FITZZ.COM - Personal Health & Sports Products Home Fitness Exercise Equipment Online

The Building Blocks of the Auto World

They look good, but they even perform better. The parts and accessories of a vehicle are built not only to accentuate the looks of the automobile. They are also designed for utmost performance and pure driving pleasure. These components have undergone rigid tests and manufactured with the toughest materials possible, not only passing industry standards but exceeding expectations to set the ante for the competitors to emulate. It also paves the way for innovations in pursuit of a more improved automobile performance.

Auto Body Parts play an important role in enhancing performance, providing safety and bringing one kind of driving preference and riding comfort. From the components under the hood to the overall setup of the interior, a vehicle will either be sporty or elegant depending on the desired type of the owner. This applies to various types of vehicles ranging from cars, trucks, vans, pickup trucks to sport utility vehicles, monster trucks, jeeps, among others. After all, the automobile is an extension of one's personality.

In terms of performance, the exhaust system is a total power booster for greater fuel combustion. The same thing goes to performance-inducing parts like hedders, short RAM intakes, and cold air intake for more horsepower and torque for the vehicle. The clutch assembly of the transmission system, meanwhile, gives the auto the needed torque. Of course, a huffing and puffing engine needs to be cooled down with the vehicle's cooling system. The radiator plays a vital role as it maintains engine temperature. And for that much-needed stoppage power especially in critical times, the brake pads, along with the brake caliper and rotor, make up the braking system to perform its main function. To charge up the vehicle's battery and to power up its electronic devices, the alternator transforms all the mechanical energy by the engine into electrical energy to run these electronic parts. These are but some of the numerous indispensable automobile parts performing each vital role.

There is also a host of automobile accessories that are supplementary components not only providing that certain look and feel but functioning its role to improve the vehicle's capabilities. The bug shield maintains that spic-and-span appearance of the hood and windshield as it prevents a splattered mess caused by insects. The lighting system of the vehicle's front and rear end does the illuminating functions to see through dark pavements and prevent accidents caused by poor or even zero visibility. Wipers are like squeegees that wipes out snow, rain, dirt or even insects for better focus while driving. On the inside, floor mats, cargo mats as well cargo liners maintain that clean-look of the vehicle's interior. Power windows ease the burden for the motorist as it opens and closes the window at the touch of a button. Looks and protection fuse together as the seat covers prevent stains and unwanted elements. These accessories are manufactured to perform beyond aesthetics
for the motorist to get that bigger bang for the buck.

These parts and accessories abound as provided for by different makes. Available in either the nearest aftermarket parts store or auto nooks, auto parts, and accessories can also be conveniently availed online. Depending on the taste of a motorist, they come in a wide variety of modifications, colors, sizes, and applications suited for different types and models of each make.

Sure enough, parts and accessories comprise a hefty segment of the industry. These so-called building blocks do not only make the vehicle look good, they make them perform even better as well.
About the Author

Abigail Cohen is a 28-year-old proprietor of a small automotive retail business in West Virginia. Abi is the daughter of an automobile designer, and inherited her father's passion for cars of all kinds.

Endless possibilities in playing online backgammon

The first online backgammon site was created in 1992, many years have past since then and the Internet has become much more advanced and online backgammon much more popular.
Unlike poker and other card and board games, backgammon on the internet has become popular just in the last couple of years.
There are numerous web sites offering playing internet backgammon, and once you found the backgammon website you want to join, you have to decide between playing against the site's computer and playing online backgammon against a human being from all over the world. The possibilities in internet backgammon are endless and diverse, including joining a league, playing a tournament, playing for cash prize and moving forward in the site's rank.
The First Internet Backgammon Server (FIBS) was created by Andreas (marvin) Schneider in 1992. It allows Internet users to play backgammon in real-time against real people (and even some bots). There are players of every conceivable ability logging onto FIBS, from absolute beginners to grand masters.
Online backgammon is offered by many sites, some of them widely known- YAHOO and MSN. With MSN, a player can choose playing backgammon online or any other online favorite game he wishes. Online backgammon is played in a variety of time and shape; friends can play against each other, or invite the computer for a match.
YAHOO offers many online backgammon rooms, with interesting and funny names where you can enter and find the level you want to play with.
Players are able to form their own online backgammon rooms according to their skill in backgammon.
There is also the option of the friendly online backgammon game, where players can chat with one another and meet new people. For an extra payment, the site can create leagues for backgammon, which only authorized members can take place and play with each other.
Before you invite somebody for a game of backgammon online, it's best to improve your playing techniques by following these recommended steps:
1. The basic rules and object of backgammon are simple and many sites offer explanations for free.

2. It's free and easy to download backgammon software to your own computer. The level of this online backgammon software is usually beginners to intermediate and therefore perfect for you to practice on, because you already can win some of the games.

3. When you have reached the point where you are constantly winning it's time to download the upgraded software. These programs have been developed and improved by playing against themselves and reached the very highest level, and are capable of being the world's best backgammon players.

When you have reached the stage where you can handle the advanced backgammon software, it's time for you to face a human rival for a game of online backgammon.

The Internet offers endless possibilities for online backgammon.
About the Author

The Right Price for Your Home

Your Realtor wants to sell your home as soon as possible, for the best price. He or she will use a Comparative Market Analysis to help you determine a fair price for your home. A comparative market analysis is based on information from similar properties in the area. The analysis uses information on properties that are currently for sale, properties that have already sold, and expired properties (ones which did not sell). The current sale price of similar homes will indicate what the competition is asking. Properties that have recently sold will indicate what buyers are willing to pay, just as properties which have expired may indicate what buyers are not willing to pay.

By carefully considering these three aspects your Realtor is able to determine a fair market value--the price which a buyer is willing to pay and the seller is willing to receive for the property.

In the real estate world, a large group of people are looking to buy homes at any given time. These are the seller's best prospects. This ready group of buyers is wasted, however, if your house is overpriced.

While shopping for a home, buyers will visit many similar homes in their price range and measure the features of each one against the price. They decide which house offers them the maximum value for the price. Buyers do not expect a home to be a steal or dramatically under-priced, but they do expect it to be a fair value. If your home is overpriced and they have been shopping around and comparing properties, they will probably refuse to look at your home. You and your Realtor may know that you would sell for $10,000 less, but the buyers do not know this. As a result, your overpriced property may receive little attention.

Don't be fooled into thinking your house is worth more than someone is willing to pay for it, or that it's just a matter of waiting for the right buyer to show up. Surveys show that the longer a house is on the market before being sold, the greater the drop in price from the listing price when it does sell. The buying public eventually sets an accurate price. An overpriced house just sits on the market, waiting for a price adjustment before it will attract a buyer.

Consequently, your Realtor may advise you to reduce the asking price if buyers fail to surface after a certain period of time on the market. If you are serious about selling your home, you should take your Realtor's advice. If the first price reduction doesn't generate a buyer, another reduction may be necessary. The monetary value of a house is only what someone is willing to pay for it, but if the market analysis is done correctly, you will get the maximum amount--and a timely sale.

Sean Remington is president of Sean Remington & Associates, an Albuquerque, New Mexico realtor. Sean was voted Albuquerque Metropolitan Board of REALTORS(r) 2005 Rookie of the Year and is a REMAX Platinum Club Member along with a Committee Ambassador - Albuquerque Economic Development. To learn more, point your browser to Albuquerque Real Estate.

Is Headline News Making Your Real Estate Decisions

Looking at the headlines for the last four months about housing is really depressing. However I have noticed that the bodies of the articles and the headline are often at odds. This made me wonder how many people make their housing decisions based on the headlines instead of the articles. We are a nation addicted to the quick. A vast number of us get our news from headlines on our home page or CNN. Articles take time to read; we need the condensed version.

One headline in red bold point type is: 31.7% Biggest Drop in CA home Sales 24 years. What you don't find until the second paragraph is that the drop is from September of 2005. Not mentioned is that home sales in 2005 were the highest ever recorded. Also down in the body is that Unsold inventory is holding steady and is close to the long- term historic average of a normal market. So why isn't the headline Market Reaching Historic Average?

Another article headline says: Home Price Fall Sharpest in 35 Years! What you don't get until the third paragraph is that this number ( 9.7%) is for Nationwide sales of new construction. Half way through the article you find that overall prices are down by only 2.5% and sales activity is up for the last two months. You won't see a headline that says Prices Only Drop 2.7% Sales on Rise.

If I were a Buyer or Seller reading all the headlines I'd be leery of this market. Buyers are worried that if they buy the price will drop and they will look silly for buying in a down market. Sellers are concerned that if they sell now prices will go back up and they will look foolish for not waiting until the market changed. People are truly afraid to make a decision about housing. People would rather make a mistake about a spouse then a house!

The Real Estate market has been slow for almost a year. The Bubble bloggers are praying prices drop to 1995 levels but that's not likely to happen. Sellers are waiting for prices to increase 50% and that's not going to happen either. Here is what has happened. Prices have declined and inventory is up with many housing choices. Sellers will negotiate price and terms. Interest rates are very low. 30 year fixed rates for loans less then $417,000 are 5.78% and jumbo fixed rates are 6.1%. This is an amazing market with great financing and lots of choices but people are not buying. So why are people waiting? I think people are afraid. It seems as if the entire country is just waiting for a headline that tells them the slump is over and it?s OK to return to the housing market. No one wants to be wrong, however trying to time a housing market is almost impossible and usually depends on luck more then skill. Often by the time the general public realizes a market has changed it is too late to get in at the right time. So if you are waiting for the headlines to tell you it?s time to buy you might be too late to get that good deal you have been waiting for so patiently.

Kaye Thomas is a UCLA graduate and has been selling real estate in Manhattan Beach Ca since 1979. Kaye works with buyers and sellers and specializes in residential and small residential income property in the South Bay Beach Cities of Los Angeles county. For more information on buying or selling visit Kaye at Kaye Thomas 4 Homes or Move2ManhattanBeach

or read her BLOG at Manhattan Beach and South Bay Real Estate Information You can e-mail Kaye with questions at: Kaye Thomas

Simple PostPartum Depression Cures

Post-Partum Depression is a debilitating, albeit extremely common, condition that affects new mothers everywhere. Medication is of course one of the standard remedies, but before you opt for it, there are other, simpler solutions which could very well get you back on your feet without modifying your metabolism.. This article lists several of them, drawn from accounts of actual users.

> Go to bed early and try to get a good night's sleep

> Lie down next to your heater vent and feel its comforting warmth

> Stroll in the park amongst the ducks, watching what they do

> Do things with your hands, perhaps a craft

> Work in the garden, watering plants and pulling up weeds; each is calming in its own way

> Buy yourself a fancy cup of coffee, savor it's fine taste and aroma

> Play with your kids and make plans with them for what you will do together when you are feeling better

> See a therapist regularly and make sure you are totally candid with him

> See a doctor regularly and make sure you are totally candid with him

> Stay away from alcohol and other depressants

> Have a relaxing bubble bath or a shower with something sweet to eat and drink; play soothing music while you are bathing

> Keep a journal about your feelings: it helps to externalize them

> Exercise regularly: this releases feel-good chemicals (endorphins) into your bloodstream

> Join and participate in online forums for post-partum depression; discuss your problem with others who have it, seek their advice and enjoy the comfort of a loving community

> Take part in activities with family and friends

> Read a good book

> Go visiting

> Call a close friend and talk to her/him

> Go for a drive

> Bake something; this will direct your attention to a subject other than parenting and refresh your mind

> Call your mom and talk to her about your problem. This could be the single most effective therapy for your situation, because she loves you, is deeply concerned about you and will make time to listen to you

> Ask your mom to visit for some days. She could help with your chores and thus create some personal time for you to do the other things mentioned here

> Put baby in her stroller and go out for a walk

> Let yourself wallow for a bit with no pressure and all pleasure - stay in your PJs, eat junk food, mope a bit

> Cuddle with your kids and if you feel like it, have a good cry while doing so. Realize there are people who truly love you (can't help but feel happy when your kids are giggling and rolling on the floor with you)

> Go to the beach if there is one nearby - look at the ocean and breathe the sea air

> Go shopping (nothing like good old-fashioned retail therapy!), or go window-shopping

> Have a long, deep chat with your dear husband, followed by a long, long cuddle and sweet kisses!
About the Author

A Backpacking List Skills To Learn

Have you ever had a backpacking trip that was a disaster - even though you brought everything you needed? Maybe you had matches, but couldn't get that fire going. You need more than good gear to assure a safe and enjoyable wilderness experience. You need to know how to do a few things, and the following list will get you started.

1. Learn firemaking. Practice in your yard if you have to, but try to start that fire with one match. Try it the next time it's raining too.

2. Learn to pitch a tent. Do it wrong and the rain will come in, or the the wind will tear the seams. Tents should be pitched tight, and you should be able to set your tent up in a few minutes.

3. Learn how to stay warm. Practice camping in the yard, to see how blocking the wind, wearing a hat, and eating fatty foods before sleeping can keep you warmer.

4. Learn to cook over a fire. It's not as easy as it seems. Block the wind, cover the pan, keep the fire small and concentrated. Practice, and time yourself. Faster is better in a jam, and it's always possible your stove will break.

5. Learn about edible plants. Knowing how to identify cattails and three or four wild edible berries can make a trip more enjoyable, especially if you ever lose your food to a bear.

6. Learn how to walk. Learning how to pace yourself and how to move comfortably over rocky terrain means you'll be less tired, and less likely to twist an ankle.

7. Learn about animals. Can you tell if a bear is luff charging or stalking you? If it's the latter, playing dead will make you a bear's supper. Hint: lots of noise usually means he just wants to frighten you, but you need to read up on this one.

8. Learn to watch the sky. Is that a lightning storm coming or not? It might be useful to know when you're on that ridge. Learn the basics of predicting weather, and you'll be a lot safer.

9. Learn basic first aid. Can you recognize the symptoms of hypothermia? Do you know how to properly treat blisters? Good things to know.

10. Learn navigation. Maps don't help if you don't know how to use them. The same is true for compasses

You don't need to be an expert in wilderness survival to enjoy a safe hiking trip. It can help to know a little more though. Use the backpacking skills list above, and learn something new.



About the author:
Steve Gillman is a long-time backpacker, and advocate of ultralight backpacking. His advice and stories can be found at http://www.TheBackpackingSite.com

Real Estate Agent Courses

Online real estate courses are offered to potential and licensed real estate agents, real estate brokers, real estate appraisers and real estate investors. The online schools offer a wide range of services to their students, which include helping the students pass the licensing exams for each field. Different courses are offered to those who wish to become agents, brokers, appraisers and investors as each has its own specific areas of study.

Courses for Real Estate Agents

The major areas of study that the courses for real estate agents include License Laws, Real Estate Contracts and Law, Escrow, Finance, and the Principles and Practices of Real Estate Math. These courses are often delivered through various software, CDs and virtual tutorials that the online schools offer their students. These courses help the students have access to the most up to date state laws with regard to real estate in the areas where they wish to practice their profession and the most up to date techniques and skills that can help them help their future clients. The students also take exams on these modules as to assess their understanding of the different areas of their study.

Review for licensing exams and license renewal

In addition to the modules that these courses offer, one important service that these online schools provide their students are the reviews that the students can take to help them prepare for the State Real Estate Exams that they will take to become accredited agents. These reviews are often given to the students in the form of practice exams and supplementary reading that can help the student prepare for the exam.

Apart from offering their services to people who wish to become agents, courses are also offered to licensed real estate agents who need to renew their real estate agent licenses. Online real estate courses for agents provide high-quality, effective, and convenient classes to future realty agents, that not only give them the most up to date information on real estate but also the best preparation for the State Real Estate Exams.

Real Estate Courses provides detailed information on Online Real Estate Courses, Real Estate Agent Courses, Real Estate Appraisal Courses, Real Estate Broker Courses and more. Real Estate Courses is affiliated with Phoenix Real Estate Schools.

The Benefits of Obtaining the Services of a Flat Fee Realtor

Each year, a large number of Los Angeles residents make the decision to sell their home. If you are interested in becoming one of those individuals, you have a number of selling options. Those options include privately selling your home or using the services of a professional realtor.

As with any service, there are advantages and disadvantages of seeking professional assistance to sell your home. Many homeowners mistakenly believe that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages, but in reality they often do not. The main disadvantage to using a professional to sell your home is amount of money they will charge. A large number of realtors charge a high fee for their services, but not all do.

If you are interested in finding a realtor that does not charge a high amount of money for their services, there are a number of ways that you can go about doing so. The first way involves familiarizing yourself with the most popular ways that real estate agents obtain their fees from their clients. The two most popular payment methods include a flat fee or a commission based fee.

One of the most preferred choices of payment by Los Angeles homeowners is a flat fee realtor listing. Los Angeles residents prefer this method for a number of different reasons. Perhaps, the greatest benefit of obtaining the services of a flat fee realtor is that their fee will be decided ahead of time. Individuals specializing in flat fee realtor listings often charge the same amount of money for their services, no matter what your home sells for.

If you have a home that is expect to sell for a large amount of money, you may want to consider using the services of an individual who has experience with a flat fee realtor listing. Los Angeles residents with expensive homes are often able to retain a profit from the sale of their home by using a flat fee realtor.

As the current owner of your home, you have the ability to choose which realtor you?d like to select. In addition to selecting a realtor based on their fees, you are encouraged to examine the services offered by each realtor. This should enable you to determine if the fees being charged are actually worth paying. There are many realtors who charge a high amount of fees, but offer a limited number of services. With these realtors you are not receiving a good value for you money.

By taking the time to contact a number of realtors, you could easily find an individual who is experienced with offering a flat fee realtor listing. Los Angeles residents typically want to see a profit from the sale of their home. With a low-cost flat fee realtor, you may be able to see a significant profit.

Brad Horn is a writer for 1 percent realtor where you can find a great resource for information regarding Los Angeles Flat Fee Realtor

Tips For Permanent Weight Loss

1. Exercise- Exercise is the one absolute that is required for permanent weight loss. An exercise program of five 30-minute sessions per week should be employed into your schedule. This can also be achieved by exercising for 10 minutes, three times a day. This strategy is good for people with busy schedules, time consuming jobs and families to balance. Taking three 10 minute breaks is something all of us can achieve. Walking, taking classes at a gym, joining a sports league or even 10 minutes of sit-ups and push-ups in your office are beneficial. Exercise becomes, like water, essential and necessary to the psyche and body once you begin a regimented program.

2. Lift weights- Muscle tissue burns calories. Pumping iron has significant weight loss benefits due to this physical phenomenon. The more muscle you have, the more you can eat and the more calories you will burn. Fat is not active tissue. When you replace the fat with muscle, your body becomes a more efficient machine. A weight loss diet accompanied not only by aerobic exercise but including weight training will cause the body to lose more fat. Muscle increases the body?s metabolism, even while resting.

3. Write down what you eat- Recording what you eat, when you eat it, how you were feeling before and after a meal and any other emotions will increase self-awareness. This will enforce that you are conscious of when and why overeating occurs. Writing anything down solidifies it in a way that is more concrete than thinking about it. It will keep you focused on your goals.

4. Focus on being healthy- Having the motivation to ?be thin? puts too much pressure on outward appearance. The focus should be placed towards a healthy style of living. Think about food that is healthy for your body, not which foods will add on pounds.

Follow the Food Pyramid for a healthy, balanced diet.

5. Get in touch with your mental health- Pychologists and nutritionists agree that overeating is usually a source of self-hatred or feelings associated with lonliness, depression, boredom, stress, anger or any number of other emotions. People tend to ?cure? the feelings with food. Learning how to eat for hunger and enjoyment rather than pushing down emotions with food will lead to healthier habits. Find out your triggers and identify them. See a therapist or psychologist for help.

6. Support- Long-term weight loss doesn?t happen overnight and it doesn?t happen alone. Find support groups such as Weight Watchers or any other group that is interested in offering encouragement and support for others in the same situation. Your local hospital or dietitian?s office can provide resources for you.

7. Portion control- Despite what mama might have said, you do not have to clean your plate in order to be ?good?. In today?s super-sized and over-portioned servings at restaurants, diners and fast food locations it is too easy to think the giant plate in front of you is what you are ?supposed? to eat, otherwise, why would they give it to you. These portions are not ?normal? and you can always eat half the plate and take the rest home. It takes 20 minutes for the brain to realize the stomach is full so chances are you are finished eating long before the end of the gigantic portion. Feeling ?stuffed? is unhealthy and you should aim for ?pleasantly full?.

8. Lose weight slowly- Water and muscle are the initial elements lost contributing to weight control. Losing precious muscle mass actually raises metabolism. Weight loss accompanied by a good exercise program is idea. 3500 calories equal one pound of weight. Small changes such as eliminating 250 calories per day from food intake and expending 250 calories a day by burning fat through exercise will lead to one pound of weight lost per week.

9. Eat slowly- Thin people eat slowly in general. Again, it takes 20 minutes for the brain to recognize the feeling of satiation before your body is cognizant of this fact. Take the time you need to fully enjoy and eat your food.

About the Author:

Eric Hartwell oversees The World's Best Homepage intended to be a user-generated resource where YOUR opinion counts. Anybody can contribute and all are welcomed. Visit us to read, comment upon or share opinions on health

The World Soccer

Hydration Backpacks! Which Hydration Pack Is The Right Water System For You?

Before the inception of hydration backpacks and the development of portable hydrating systems, many athletes and adventure junkies relied on the old methods of hydrating their bodies with standard water bottles and canteens.

This way of getting hydrated was sufficient at the time, but it limited their complete concentration and performance, especially during high endurance extreme sports such as mountain biking and motocross racing!

When your complete mental focus on your activity is mandatory, having to reach for a water bottle could easily take your attention away from spotting that deep unexpected hole on your mountain trail, and involving yourself in a serious fall or crash! However, having a portable hands-free hydration backpack could be considered a necessity for your safety.

These packs are not limited only to athletes taking part in extreme sports, but also for many individuals that enjoy leisure trail running, snowboarding, skiing, hunting, and also hiking. Safety of course will always be on the forefront, but having the flexibility to maintain their level of activity, without having to stop to find a necessary water source, is also an important benefit for many leisure athletes as well.

Nothing is worse than getting into your groove, your adrenaline is at its optimum level, the powdered snow is calling for you, the running trails are cooperating in your favour, or you finally tracked that animal that took you all day to find, later realizing that you have run out of fluids, and now have to find a water source to do a refill. What a bummer that would be!

Now That You Need A Personal Hydration System, Where Do You Begin?

If you have never purchased backpacks with the hydration systems before or you just don't know where to begin when you start your researching online, don't worry! Many of the online outdoor outfitters and bag suppliers that offer these systems have made it very easy for you to distinguish the difference between each pack, their function, and unique features that are tailored to your individual requirements!

They even go as far as labelling them as outdoor hydration systems, running hydration systems, snowboard backpacks, hunting packs, and the distinguished list goes on. All you need to do is answer a few questions that apply to your daily activity, and that's all it takes to determine which one is right for you.

When you're about to purchase a hydration backpack, don't base your entire decision on price alone, because even though the more expensive bags may have additional features, you may not require all those extra bells and whistles. On the other hand, you may purchase a cheaper system, later realizing that you got one that did not have all the required features that would benefit you during your desired activity.

You want to base your decision on your specific needs. Be sure that whatever hydration system you select, that you're getting one that will sufficiently hydrate your body without the pack becoming a deficit to your overall performance. The last thing you want is your pack to be too heavy, bulky, or too small, where you have to either stop for many rests, or repeatedly source out many water refill stations.

Now That I Know How Important The Right Hydration System Is To My Activity, What's Next?

Now if you're not sure what questions you need to ask, below we have come up with a small list to start you off on the right track, or in your case, the right trail!

1. Some questions you should easily answer, is how long do you plan on being out for the day, and how far away will you be from a necessary water source? This will help you determine the size of the water reservoir you need, and if you also require a backpack large enough to carry spare reservoirs for your full day of activities.

2. Another question could be for women, and the question would be: does size matter, or is comfort your #1 concern? This may sound like a silly question at first, but when you start searching for a hydration backpack, you will quickly notice they have models with special features that are specifically designed for women to accommodate the unique shape of their bodies.

3. How often do you plan on using your hydration system pack? This particular question may be very important for the individuals that are basing their decision on price. No sense spending tons of money on a sophisticated backpack system if you're only planning on using it once every six months or year.

These questions will get you started, and as you search online for your desired hydration system, the variety of styles won't be so overwhelming as more answers come to you. Now the next big question is, there are so many models out there to choose from, which one do you think is best for you?
About the Author

We will continue this discussion, and try to answer some of these questions for you in our second part of our Hydration Backpack Article #2, and we can offer you some tips on finding out which model will suite your activity and lifestyle the best.

What has Tae Kwon Do Got to Do With Your Health?

Finding the right swimwear can be a fun and also a stressful experience. You want to look your best in the swimwear of your choice at the beach. Light, colorful beach clothing will make you feel comfortable and cool. Some of the varieties you can find in swimwear are the following:


Bikini -- This once-shocking is the granddaddy of fashion swimwear. Looks newest now in super-skimpy triangle, side-tie bottoms. Look for built-in push-up bras, underwire and sculpted cups for extra curves.

Tankini -- A variation of the bikini, has a longer top that leaves only a small portion of the tummy exposed. Don't want to expose your tummy at all? Go for the mock tankini.

Bandini -- A bikini with a bandeau (straight, striplike piece of fabric) top.

Camikini -- Same as the tankini except the top looks like a camisole.

Maillot -- One-piece suit (some creative types have even labeled a cut-out style the monokini).

Boy legs -- A longer leg resembling really short shorts. Careful here -- tends to make the leg look shorter-- but still a favorite silhouette.

Swimsuits are made of a material such as Lycra or Spandex that clings tightly to the swimmer but also permits a free range of motion. A swim cap worn over the hair and ears also helps to reduce the resistance a swimmer encounters when moving through the water. Swim goggles allow swimmers to see better under water. They also protect swimmers eyes from irritation caused by chlorine and other chemicals in the pool water, and from salt or pollution in natural bodies of water.

Give some thought to which style of swimsuit you feel you would look best in. Whether its one-piece or two-piece youll feel most comfortable in the bathing suit that gives you the most confidence. Swimwear has changed a lot over the years, from suits that were bulky and awkward to swim in to the ultra tiny string bikinis of today.


About the author:

Mike Yeager
Author/Publisher
http://www.a1-fashion-4u.com




A lot, if you value your physical health!

Tae Kwon Do is Korean Karate. It means The Way of the Hand and
Foot (punching and kicking). There are basically four sections
to the art: Toning, Sparring, Forms and Self Defense.

It is a well rounded exercise program that encompasses muscle
toning, stretching and flexibility, increasing strength and
stamina through aerobic sparring and mental challenges through
becoming proficient at the patterns or forms.

Most classes start out with warm-ups. These exercises are the
calisthenics such as push ups, sit ups, jumping jacks, trunk
rotations, squat kicks and various leg stretches. For certain
you will tighten your abs and strengthen your arms just from
performing the warm-up exercises. Before you know it, youll be
doing fifty knuckle or triangle push-ups at rapid-fire pace and
will be able to lean up against a wall and have someone lift your
leg up so that your toes touch the wall behind your ear. Tae Kwon
Do will definitely help you to become or to stay limber.

Sparring is fighting in a controlled environment. Its not
street fighting and all participants wear protective gear:
helmet, gloves, shin guards and feet guards, called kicks.
Usually you will spar in three minute rounds. Its basically
kick boxing. Then a minute rest; switch partners, then spar
again and repeat. You will get extremely hot and sweaty. Jab,
punch, upper cut, side kick, reverse punch, round house, hammer
fist, bob and weave and repeat. Its an excellent aerobic
exercise.

Learning the forms or patterns can really tax your brain. Many
of the forms have 26+ different movements. Its your job to
remember them, in order, and learn them proficiently. In theory,
by learning the forms, itll help you to become a better fighter.
For example, one form might start out: high block, front kick
punch left; high block front kick punch right. Turn 90 degrees,
down the center, knife hand left, knife hand right, knife hand
left, spear hand. And so it goes. If you master these, when it
comes time to spar, you can implement some of these patterns into
your match.

Many people enjoy Tae Kwon Do, or any martial arts for that
matter, because it is an all inclusive exercise program. Its
fun, its challenging, and its an excellent way to get in or to
stay in shape. As with any exercise program, start slowly and
consult your physician. If you havent participated in much
physical exercise in a while, your muscles will definitely be
very sore for the first few weeks. Dont be intimidated by the
other students may appear to be in better shape that you are.
Everyone started out as a white belt. Just have fun; and get
moving!


The information contained in this article is for educational purposes
only and is not intended to medically diagnose, treat or cure any
disease. Consult a health care practitioner before beginning any
health care program.



About the author:
Emily Clark is editor at Lifestyle Health News and Medical Health News
where you can find the most up-to-date advice and information on
many medical, health and lifestyle topics.

Sarasota Real Estate Marketing

With Sarasota becoming a hot spot for real estate investments, realtors use various marketing strategies to attract new clientele. Apart from the local print and media, realtors take advantage of the Internet.

Research shows that homebuyers prefer viewing details and photos of properties online. Detailed information on the description of the property, photos, maps and neighborhood information help reach thousands of buyers.

Websites offer directory listings and MLS, or multiple listing services, providing realtors the opportunity to gain maximum exposure. Virtual home tours give realtors a chance to offer a preview of a property to prospective buyers. As more buyers begin their property search online, a web tour is often their preferred introduction to their next home and to the real estate professional who?ll guide them towards closing a deal. For sellers, virtual tours help separate the serious buyers from the window shoppers. Virtual tours can be a simple series of photos and text or multimedia presentations with maps, floor plans, 360-degree panoramic images and a sound track. Many providers also offer lead capture and tour promotion services.

Property-casting is a new concept in real estate marketing. Property-casting is the filming of audio and video tours of real estate properties, for distribution over the Internet or to portable devices such as mobile phones, iPods and other multimedia devices. Full-scale audio and video tours are broadcast through different mediums. Property casting is economical and can be used in all areas of the real estate industry.

Professional marketing consultants that specialize in real estate offer a variety of marketing strategies to realtors. They are trained and experienced in project management, accounting, finance, real estate property operations, and information technology.

One of the reasons for Sarasota growing faster than many other counties in the US is the innovative approach of the real estate marketers here.

Sarasota Real Estate provides detailed information on Sarasota Real Estate, Sarasota Pre-Construction Real Estate, Sarasota Real Estate Marketing, Sarasota Real Estate For Sale By Owner and more. Sarasota Real Estate is affiliated with Minnesota Commercial Real Estate.

StartingOver.

I worked hard for the past 17 years. I felt I had to. I only finished high school. Without a certificate to flaunt and yet wanting to climb the corporate ladder, I dedicated my effort and time to my work. I was proud of myself. At 40 years old I had reached a managers position.

I worked hard for the past 17 years. I felt I had to. I only finished high school. Without a certificate to flaunt and yet wanting to climb the corporate ladder, I dedicated my effort and time to my work. I was proud of myself. At 40 years old I had reached a managers position.

The day came when I was handed the letter. Why did the company fire me? Was I not good enough?

It was a massive blow to my ego. My questions only brought back anger. I was not resourceful and I could not see any positive meaning to it.

As I thought about it longer, I became more angry and annoyed. Then the emotions turn into fear.

What can I do now? Who would employ me? At this age and with a lack of education, how could I get another job?

I was becoming an unendurable person. My relationship, which was already on the rocks suffered further.

I was no longer the person I used to be. I complained and whined. I lost the confidence in myself. I could not see myself in any other way but a wimp.

I avoided friends and ignored and neglected my partner. There were no more constructive conversations between us. He was getting on well with his career and moving upwards.

And the more I saw him succeeding the more I felt bad about myself. I was ashamed of myself. I thought that I was not good enough for him anymore. Finally he has had it. He walked out of my life.

Not only have I lost my job. I also have lost someone whom I thought was the one for me. More resentment and self-pity came over me. I was angry with him. How could he leave me if he had loved me?

I was not only broke but also alone. I was so broke that I could not afford my own home.

The finance company repossessed my car. I had no material things left except my clothes in my luggage and a few books.

It has to take two crisis to make me wake up to my senses. I had to change immediately. That was the only choice I had.

Losing your self-confidence is bad. Losing your self-esteem is worse. Losing your self is a disaster. Until...

I decided to change...in my thinking.

I have to meet my basic need first, food and shelter. The company I went to offered lodging so I took the job that paid only a quarter of what I used to earn.

Alone and still broke...but this time I looked at what I had left.

Change does not come easy. Recovering your self-confidence and your self-esteem is an attitude and mindset that needs discipline.

You need to develop the disciplines that can boost your trust in yourself again.

1. Admit that you have messed up.
Whatever happened, has happened to someone else too. It is how you make out of it that matters.

You either let it go and move on or wallow in self-pity. If you had taken the second option as I did, you will realize that your life would be messier than when it started.

It is not too late. Admit your mistakes, forgive yourself and move on.

2. Write down realistic goals.
When your self-esteem plummets, it is tough to see bright, colorful pictures of yourself smiling at your achievements.

Set several realistic goals to start with. For a start, these were some of my goals...

- Put on 5kg.
Lost that. I was looking very thin and gaunt for my height. I need to lift my self-image.

- Cut smoking to 10 cigarettes a day.
I cant afford more anyway

- Read 1 hr daily.
Got to feed my mind with something positive.

- Take 20minutes walk in the park a day.
I needed some fresh air and away from the cramp abode of mine.

- Keep a journal.
I shunned friends so at least I could use this to pour out my feelings.

- Record my activities.
I must make full use of my time.

- Pray and meditate.Somehow, I know I am not alone.

I worked on them and made certain that I followed the disciplines. It felt good to strike out each activity daily.

And when the good feelings enter again, I added more goals to my list. Slowly but surely, I began to feel good about myself again.

3. Interrupt the negative self-talks and critics.

Your self-talks will not stop and mostly they are negative and criticizing. This is a challenge especially when you are trying and working hard on yourself.

Learn to listen to them. Catch them in the act. Remove, cancel, and delete. Do whatever within your power to fight back.

Its funny how you could move away from people who criticize you. At times you can even tell them to shut their mouth up and you cant even tell your voices within to leave you alone.

You need to be aware. You must listen. Then when you hear, you could either so gently tell the voices to leave you alone.

Or, if the voices are softly whispering, tell them firmly to get out. Consciously now, speak something out loud or within yourself that you are worthy.

However and whatever you say, feed your ears and your mind with encouraging words like I love myself. Isnt it better than hearing it say over and over again how hopeless you are?

4. Remember and recall successful and positive experiences.

If you really try, you will be able to remember a few of your success. I sat down in a elaxed mode and at first have to force myself to think of one experience that I was proud of.

Soon enough, I found out that I had quite a number of beautiful experiences.

- There was a time when I was given 3 promotions in a year.

- I remembered the time when I sat with my friends watching the sun setting on the horizon.

- I recalled my first experience snorkeling and seeing the beautiful and colorful fishes under the sea... in spite of my fear of water.

- The day when I first saw my niece one hour after she was born.

When you can play back these memories and experiences, you will realize that you have had great times many times over.

Why rewind and play the sad and dis-empowering movies in your mind? Will it make you feel good?

If not discard them just as easy as throwing photographs that we do not wish to look at.

This is a minds game. We can decide what to do with our mind.

Richard Bandler stated that the brain is his favorite toy. Lets make that ours too. We have them too dont we?

5. Keep a journal.
This can be therapeutic. You can write down what you think and feel.

No one is going to correct your grammar. No one is going to argue about it. This is because no one is going to see it. It is yours.

Why let those words keep voicing out in your head. Write them out. Say what you want to say.

And maybe laugh at some of them when you sit back and read them many months later.

Write down your activities too. How much time did you spend sleeping? What time did you get up?

What was the first thing you saw when you got up? Whom did you meet today and how long did you use your time for socializing?

How many push-ups did you do today?What ideas came to your mind today? What have you learned at work? What can you do to improve your income?

6. Read and listen.
When I first started out again, I did not have many friends. My weekends were quiet.There were moments when I dreaded just the thought of it.

I did not have many books to read and I did not have much money to buy them. So I spent my time at the public library.

Reading motivational and inspiration books helped me especially at those times when I was down and out.

I read and read. It has kept me inspired and my interest in other subjects has broadened.

After a while I started to listen to motivational tapes. I fed my mind. I was determined to make my life work.

7. Pray.
When you are down and out, and you think that no one is there for you, think again. As the saying goes, you are invisibly being watched over.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Fatimah Musa provides information, tips and quotes to help people become aware that any future growth starts with their personal growth. You can visit Fatimah at http://www.about-personal-growth.com

Mobile Home Park Investment Money Trees

Mobile home parks are the scapegoats of the commercial real estate investment world. Perhaps one of the reasons why most investors ignore this lucrative asset class, other than for obvious eye sore reasons and the negative connotation associated with mobile home parks, is because they believe it requires too much up front cash and a personal income statement well above their means. This might be true if you were trying to finance your property through a large bank, however many mobile home parks are purchased with much less than 20% down and with little financial reserves in the bank. These parks are purchased through owner carried notes.

Small to medium sized park owners are typically older gentleman that have been running or overseeing the managers of their respective parks for a long time. Many of them are tired of this responsibility and would love to have someone like them come and take the park off their hands. Furthermore, some of these same owners prefer doing business the old fashioned way (without bankers / real estate brokers breathing down their neck, charging large commissions and inundating them with paperwork). In other words, a large percentage of mobile home park owners would rather take some initial financial consideration, make a nice profit each month off the interest on their note and not worry about the day to day issues of running a park. Additionally, many do not want to deal with a several hundred thousand to million dollar tax problem if they sell the park outright. Sure they could 1031 it into something bigger; but then they?re in the same boat as before. Sorry loan officers out there but investors should ALWAYS, ALWAYS shoot for owner financing in your mobile home park purchases.

Investing in mobile home parks is an absolutely beautiful thing. Not only is it a long term land play, but you have NUMEROUS ways to make money through your park. As opposed to investing in single family homes it is actually very difficult to NOT achieve positive cash flow each month. This is due to the following reasons:

1. The parks are usually in a less than favorable part of town. Therefore the land is cheap and you will be spreading that cost over numerous mobile homes.

2. Provided you purchased the right mobile home park, there will be vacancies and their will be a few spaces for you to bring in extra mobile homes. (Yes, that?s right?.you want at least half the park to be vacant when you purchase the property as that fact will kill the sellers price and ensure that you end up buying a screaming deal.) You?re healthy, sharp and full of energy so you?ll improve the quality of the park, raise rents and maximize your rent roll. By the way this will immediately increase the value of your mobile home park through cap rate valuation. Net Operating Income (not including cost of financing) / cap rate.

Example

30 Space Park, $300 a month Rent Roll (50% Vacant) = $54,000 yearly rent

$54,000 ? 16,200 (30% of rent goes towards Operating Expenses) = $38,000

$38,000 (N.O.I.) / 9.0 % (cap rate) = $422,222 (Your Purchase Price)

Your up side:

30 Space Park, 100% Occupancy, $320 a month rent roll = $115,200 yearly rent

$115,200 - $34,560 (30% park operating expenses) = $80,640

$80,640 (N.O.I.) / 9.0% (cap rate) = $896,000 ....I would sell at this point :)

3. If cash flow is low you can add additional revenue by putting in a coin operated laundry mats, adding vending machines, arcade games, day care services, etc.

4. Lastly, you should have purchased a park that came with owner rights on the mobile homes themselves. This will enable you to be extremely creative with how you fill your park with people. Far and away the best tactic is to Lease option your mobile homes instead of renting them. Home ownership is the American dream so when you advertise ?Own your own home, $3000 down, low monthly payments ? Bad credit OK, call Boca Vista Mobile Home Park? Your phone will ring off the hook, trust me. From there you take their down payment and have them sign your lease option paperwork that details the term of their loan with you. So why sell them one of your mobile homes?.isn?t that an asset to the park you ask? Yes, but:

A. Now you have someone in your park that has pride of ownership and will most likely take better care of the mobile home than most people would.

B. Because they technically own the rights to the mobile home, you are not responsible for costly maintenance.

C. Due to the interest on his loan, this person will pay you more each month than anyone renting a mobile home in the area.

D. If he/she gets promoted or saves up enough cash to pay the remaining balance (this almost NEVER happens by the way) then you make a substantial amount of money because due to serious demand issues, you can sell these homes for much more than they are worth.

E. Most of the time, the person will be late on a payment or two and will flee during the middle of the night. In that case, the property is 100% yours again, you?ve pocketed the $2000 option payment and you start the process over again.

Corey Donaldson is a professional mobile home real estate investor, owning numerous multi million dollar parks across the nation. He began investing in mobile home parks after purchasing a mobile home investment guide from Steve Case, who has since gone into business with Corey.

Top Ten Ideas for Back to School

This time of year can take some major adjusting for you and your kid. Life goes from the peaceful, relaxing, and bummin' around (yeh, right) of summer to the hectic start of a new school year. I've compiled a list of the top ten ideas to help everyone deal with the changes in the schedules and to lessen the stress of the season. Just for grins, I've done this Dave Letterman style.

Number 10...Teachers - make an appointment within the first two weeks of school to get to know your kid's teacher(s)...this is especially important if you are not fortunate enough to be either the custodial parent or have shared parenting...it could make all the difference in the world. Tidbit of advice: when you do talk to the teacher(s), don't tell them all of the problems you have with your ex - they are smart enough to figure that out for themselves; do tell them you need to have a copy of everything that gets sent to your ex from the school and you would like weekly updates of classroom things. Also, take along enough self-addressed, stamped envelopes to leave with them so that they can send you something every week.

Number 9...Support system - when you need to be in two places at the same time, this is indispensable. Hopefully, you will find someone who is a parent of another kid in the same class. That way you can get info on school assignments and other activities. Make sure your kid knows who these people are. If someone else will be picking them up from school or an event, they will know the 'secret word' that you and your kid have come up with. When my son was young, it was 'leprechaun'. We never needed to use it, but it was ready just in case and we both felt safer because of it.

Number 8...Debrief - whether you pick up the kid from school or daycare or meet them at the house, you need to know what went on all day. You can do this when you first see them after school or during dinner. Try to gauge their moods, celebrate their small (or big) victories, discuss upcoming events and activities, listen for those difficult times they have had during the day. Also, make it a routine to check on assignments, etc. that they have hopefully given to you to see.

Number 7...Activities - Try to plan at least one day a week without any activities. We all need down time. I limit my kid's activities to two days a week which leaves time for school assignments, hanging out with friends, and just being a kid. This is difficult at times because some sports teams want to practice four nights a week and have games every weekend. While that may be fine once a kid is in junior high, I believe it has the possibility to limit a kid's overall growth when they are still in elementary school.

Number 6...Friends - Each school year can bring changes in friendships because there are different kids in classes, kids transfer in and out of schools, etc. Time has to be made for friends, whether it is play dates for younger kids, phone calls or movies when they are older.

Number 5...Play - All families are busier than we would like these days, but it is important that kids have a way to unwind after school. Your kid may enjoy playing video games, playing with neighborhood kids, working on hobbies, or have other ideas of play. Giving them 30 minutes every evening to play can make getting their homework and other responsibilities done much easier.

Number 4...Study - Having a time and place to do homework or other studies promotes discipline and an enjoyment of learning. Even if your kid doesn't have a school assignment every day, you can give them small projects to work on. Maybe it would be researching about hurricanes, helping with dinner (math skills), or having them pick a topic they want to know more about and working on that. You need to be available for them when they have questions or need help, so don't go too far. Also, be sure to look over their assignments - it will keep you informed on what they doing and you will be able to give them some constructive feedback.

Number 3...Read - Yep, the old standby, reading. There isn't a skill that is used more over a lifetime and it's important to instill good habits. So, let your kid see you reading every day and try to set aside at least 15 minutes for them to read every day. You could encourage them to carry a book in their backpack, to read in the car or on the bus, or even to read a book on CD or tape while they are doing other things.

Number 2...Hanging out - Don't over schedule your kid's week or yours. Maybe you want to order a pizza one night a week and watch a movie or maybe you could just leave time for doing nothing and then see what your kid does with it. You can learn a lot about your kid this way. They just may surprise you in what they come up with.

The Number 1 idea is to get ready...refer to 'Morning Chaos' - another article in this section. If you use the tips in it, you will be prepared for almost anything and getting ready will be a whole lot easier.

Life changes are difficult. Even though the transition from summer vacation to the school year comes every year, it doesn't make it any easier.

*****Readers of this article may copy it without the copyright owner's permission, if the author and publisher are acknowledged in the copy and the copy is used for education, not-for-profit purposes.
About the Author

~ ? Cathy Vaughan-Yanda, Sati, mykidstoo.com, 2005
~ the single mother of a totally awesome son, currently lives in Ohio. She is the owner of a small company, a writer, an illustrator, a reviewer of books, and has worked with people infected and affected with HIV/AIDS for more than fifteen years.

FIFA

AUTHOR NAME: Ameet Arurkar



The F?d?ration Internationale de Football Association, also known as FIFA, is the worlwide association of (football)soccer. It is one of the largest sports groups on Earth. The current headquarters for the association is based in Z?rich, Switzerland. As the popularity of soccer continued to increase during the 20th century, it became apparent that a governing body for the sport needed to be formed. Though the Football Association had proposed an international organization many times, they were unsuccessful.



FIFA was formed when seven European countries decided to work together to form the association. The organization was founded on May 21, 1904 in Paris. The first worldwide competition was held in 1906, and it was met with little success. The founding president Robert Gu?rin chose to resign, and was replaced by Daniel Burley Woolfall. The next competition was held at the 1908 Olympics in London, and was much more successful. Within the next year, membership in the organization extended beyond Europe, and included the United States, South Africa, and Argentina.



The rising prominence of FIFA was slowed at the start of World War 1. Many players were sent to war, and international travel was heavily restricted. After World War 1 ended, the popularity continued to increase, and the first World Cup was held in 1930. This tournament was highly successful, and plans were made for more games. The World Cup has become one of the most important tournaments for soccer, and is the equivalent of the Super Bowl. The FIFA 2006 World Cup will be held in Germany.



FIFA has become a world renown organization The revenues brought in by the association between 2003 and 2006 are in the hundreds of millions of dollars. The success of the organization has also extended into the video game market, with the release of FIFA 2006 by Electronic Arts. This game is planned to be released in October. The FIFA series of games are widely popular among those who enjoy soccer, and a number of titles have been published over the last ten years. There are also a number of websites about FIFA, which includes fifasite.com.



There are a number of awards which have come to be associated with the organization. The FIFA World Player of the Year award is the highest honor to be given to a player. This award is a part of the annual ceremony. A Match of the Century was held in 2004 between Brazil and France. A list has been compiled by the organizaiton which is called the FIFA 100, and is a list of the greatest soccer players who have ever lived. Today FIFA is split into six global confederations.



The laws which govern soccer are not made by FIFA, but are instead given by an organization called the International Football Association Board. Fifty percent of the board members are also members of FIFA. A large percentage of the board is also from the United Kingdom, and this is because of the contributions made to the sport by Britain. Though the association had humble beginnings, it has today grown into a respectable organization which has a global appeal.

Using the Market Conditions to help in the Fresh Start Presentation

The real estate market like any other asset class is in a constant state of motion. Property values are either going up, down or are stabilized at all times. We know this just by reading the newspapers, watching television and listening to neighbor?s gossip about their asset (the home). Not very scientific way of figuring out a market, but probably as good as if not better than most because it gets to the emotion of the homeowner in trouble. If the homeowner believes it is a sellers market he/she will absolutely try to sell or refinance before listening to you. If it is a buyers market then you are a welcomed guest if you can put money in their pocket for this dog of an asset they purchased long ago. If it is a stagnant or equal market well then the homeowner will be unsure of the value because the newspapers will be onto another subject. There are three types of markets in real estate. They are 1) the Sellers Market; 2) Buyers market; 3) a stagnant market where prices remain constant.

The definition of the Sellers Market, Buyers Market and Market in equilibrium is a look back model that uses two figures to determine a label for which market you are in. They are market time and inventory.

Market Time Defined

Market time is defined by the amount of days that a property in the location stays on the market. For example in a Sellers Market average sales time will be under sixty (60) days. Equal Market average sales time will be under one hundred (100) days. For a Buyers market average sale time will be over 100 days.

Inventory defined

Inventory is simply the amount of houses on the market divided by the average amount of sales typical for that area per month. Sellers Market would be less than three (3) months inventory on hand in a given area. Equal Market would be between three months and six months of inventory on hand. Buyers Market would be having inventory over six months on hand.

SELLERS MARKET FSP

A sellers market is a market where a property will sell within sixty days of being introduced to the market. This market also has a low inventory of properties on the market. This would be defined as anything less than three months inventory in your specific area. Another indication of a sellers market is that the price of the product begins to appreciate until it finally is out of the reach of the buyers causing the market to cool down.

This market can be prolonged by certain financial products such as the interest only loan, negative amortization type of loan, graduate payment loan and of course the variable rate loan. All of which we have seen in both Philadelphia and Massachusetts.

Based upon all of the factors going against the back up plan we offer it is a hard position to find the deals that we need during this type of market and as purchasers we are forced to purchase at auction as well as going to the properties and trying to purchase pre-foreclosure.

Locator in Hot Sellers Market

The locator in a hot market has a hard presentation. Every homeowner feels that they can get market price and that is more than we can pay. This happens because local neighborhood gossip, newspapers in the area saying how much property has risen year over year or month over month. Homeowners are saturated with information about how valuable their real estate is worth.

Next the homeowner is targeted with lending offers to refinance because the value of the home has skyrocketed- use your homes as an ATM machine to pull out some equity and live for a few more years.

Both the low market time and low inventory time cause our business of purchasing properties to be very frustrating. The homeowners are aware that they can sell a home relatively fast even quicker than an auction can be had.

It Makes for a hard market to purchase properties prior to the auction. It is what we call our recession. It allows a homeowner to choose from a group of choices. Essentially we are a back up plan or safety net. In this type of market we need to price correctly and purchase at the last minute from homeowners who have tried everything else.

Buyers Market FSP

A buyers market is defined by sales of properties taking takes over 100 days to sell. The Inventory in this market will stack up to well over six months worth of sales. The homeowner in this situation has only a few options. Financing companies say that they can refinance but usually can not due to the falling value of the appraisal on the home. Remember the newspapers are littered with information regarding the fall of the real estate market. It is the fear of the day for most local newspapers.

Here are a few local articles

?Sellers Frustrated With Real Estate Market
Home Sales Down In Bay State
POSTED: 6:05 pm EDT August 15, 2006
UPDATED: 7:37 pm EDT August 15, 2006

WALPOLE, Mass. -- Quarterly home sales are down in a widespread area of Massachusetts, but prices are only down slightly.

Copyright 2006 by TheBostonChannel.com?

?Market unease: Home prices fall 3.5%
Weakening demand leads to largest decline in Mass. in 13 years
By Kimberly Blanton, Globe Staff August 24, 2006
Home prices in Massachusetts fell 3.5 percent in July, the largest decline in 13 years, as the slowdown in the real estate market finally led sellers to cut their prices.?

?July home sales plunge 27%

The Lowell Sun

Massachusetts single-family home sales plunged almost 27 percent in July, the largest year-over-year monthly drop in more than 11 years, according to a report released today by The Warren Group of Boston. ?

?Buyer?s market: Housing sales dip, prices may follow
By Ben Aaronson/ Staff Writer
Thursday, August 24, 2006 - Updated: 09:08 AM EST

You can?t drive through town without seeing a For Sale or Open House sign and they represent a statewide trend.

According to a recent report by the Massachusetts Association of Realtors, home sales statewide fell nearly 11 percent in the second quarter (April to June), marking the fifth consecutive quarter that activity has declined from the same period the pervious year. Housing inventories are at an all-time high and homes are staying on the market longer, the report found. ?

Locator in Buyers Market

The locator in a buyer market has a much easier presentation. Every homeowner has undergone the conditioning of the newspapers, local gossip etc. that the sky is falling rapidly and that their investment is no longer worth what it was one year ago.

This advertisement of the fall of real estate prices and the end of the price appreciation stops the appraisers? from appraising the properties correctly. Instead of using the standard comparable. The appraiser checks a box and states that property pricing are declining and begins to cover himself/herself with lower and lower values for the property. This causes the banks to tighten up on underwriting guidelines making it harder to refinance their way out of the foreclosure.

Without the refinance the homeowner either has to do one of the following:

1) Restructure the mortgage causing higher payments. Problem with a restructure is that it costs more monthly for a short period of time. Usually very hard for the homeowner to come up with the money.

2) Sell on the open market. Problem is that market time has risen to the point where the foreclosure process is faster than the tie they have to sell the property.

3) File for bankruptcy. This normally costs $2,500 for the lawyer, filing fees and 10% of the plan debt to the trustee. It also has a 75% failure rate.

Consequently our FSP becomes a very viable option for the homeowner.

We are in this market now so find your local newspaper articles and put them in your book to show the homeowners what is happening out there. Make your presentation and then close the deal.

The locators biggest problem during this time is the manager (Investor) has more trouble pricing the properties because of the downward spiral of the market.

Market In Equilibrium:

An even market is when a property is sold within 61-100 days of listing. Inventory is usually six months or less. This is the market that is the easiest to procure deals. It allows the investor to feel warm and fuzzy knowing almost to the penny that the property he/she is purchasing is worth what they think that it is worth.

The Newspapers simply go on to another story and leave the real estate market alone or have articles stating that the market is stable.

Locator in Equilibrium

The locator in a stable market has the best of all worlds. Prices are staying steady keeping the manager happy and all is quiet regarding real estate in the newspapers.

Again it is an easy presentation. The homeowner has seen his equity disappear and no longer knows what the value of the real estate is and just wants to get out from the obligation.

The homeowner is left with one of the three options of a down market:

1) Restructure the mortgage causing higher payments. Problem with a restructure is that it costs more monthly for a short period of time. Usually very hard for the homeowner to come up with the money.

2) Sell on the open market. Problem is that market time has risen to the point where the foreclosure process is faster than the tie they have to sell the property.

3) File for bankruptcy. This normally costs $2,500 for the lawyer, filing fees and 10% of the plan debt to the trustee. It also has a 75% failure rate.

Consequently our FSP becomes a very viable option for the homeowner.

So what does this all have to do with the Fresh Start Presentation (FSP)? Remember the Fresh Start Presentation is the Homeowner Options slide show that you have. It goes through the advantages and disadvantages of the seven (7) options available to the financially distressed homeowner.

They are as follows:
1)Sell on the Open Market
2)Refinance the home
3)Restructure the mortgage
4)File bankruptcy
5)Borrow from friends and family
6)Let it go to foreclosure
7)Sell to an investor

Well each type of market has different advantages and disadvantages to the locator.

Use the newspapers to translate into a selling benefit during your FSP. We need to educate the homeowner that we are in a period where houses do not sell for last years prices but that they are actually going down in price each and every day. Time as usual is the enemy of a homeowner in this situation.

A good locator that wants to maximize his sales would do the following:

1)Read the local newspaper where your route is and cut out the articles that will help get the homeowner off the price they thought it was worth. Copy the article and give it to the homeowner when talking about the price.
2)While he/she is reading the article tell the homeowner that the property may be worth 3,4,5,6,7% less by the time they actually move out, the property is repainted and put on the market by the company.
3) This risk is for our company to worry about unless the homeowner decides to try to sell it on his own.

Good Hunting
http://frontgateconsulting.com/

http://frontgateconsulting.com/

Real Estate Broker Courses

In the same way that real estate agents and real estate appraisers have to get a license to be able to practice their profession, real estate brokers also need to get accredited by the government through a license that brokers need to get by taking classes and taking a state exam. Doing so will enable the brokers to own their own real estate or property management office, specialize in commercial, investment or industrial real estate, or become a franchisee for a national or international brokerage firm. Apart from the traditional sources of classes to be able to get a real estate broker license, the Internet provides an alternative source of online courses that can help brokers get their license.

Courses offered

Most of the online courses offer services that are tailor-fit to the requirements of the state in which the broker wishes to locate. The usual areas of study offered to brokers include topics on Property Ownership, Contracts, Agency, Real Estate Contracts, Titles, Leases, Taxes, Appraisal Construction, Escrow Real Estate Law, Real Estate Math, and other required topics that different states may require. In some cases states even require the specific subjects that brokers should take for them to be able to qualify to take the state exam. For example, in the State of California, the required subjects that brokers should take include Real Estate Practice, Legal Aspects of Real Estate, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Appraisal, and Real Estate Economics or General Accounting. Apart from these, brokers are also made to choose three elective courses from a list which include Real Estate Principles, Business Law, Property Management, Escrows, Real Estate Office Administration, Mortgage Loan Brokering and Lending, Advanced Legal Aspects of Real Estate, Advanced Real Estate Finance, and Advanced Real Estate Appraisal.

Renewal of license

Real estate brokers are also required to renew their licenses. Online schools also offer help in this process by helping the brokers upgrade their skill by offering review classes to their students. Being a real estate broker requires a deep level of study and technical skill on the part of the broker, which he can conveniently access by enrolling in online courses on the Internet.

Real Estate Courses provides detailed information on Online Real Estate Courses, Real Estate Agent Courses, Real Estate Appraisal Courses, Real Estate Broker Courses and more. Real Estate Courses is affiliated with Phoenix Real Estate Schools.

The Positive Weight Loss Approach

The most frequently asked question I receive as an Internet home business consultant usually goes something like this; "I would really like to start my own home business on the Internet, but I don't know what." The short answer is - Start with what you know and enjoy.

There are a number of good reasons for this

By drawing on existing knowledge, you can concentrate on building a business rather than learning about a new trade, product, or service.

Starting and running a home business means long hours and sacrifice. It is easier to do when you are doing something you enjoy.

Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.

The Internet offers unique opportunities for the home business netrepreneur. It creates the ability to reach a much larger potential market for your product, service, or information at a much lower price than through conventional advertising mediums.

The Internet and World Wide Web are still in their infancy. Right now, you can get everything you need to put your business online - free. It is like someone offering you a store (web hosting), full time staff (web pages, auto responders) and advertising (lots of advertising) for free. All you have to do is come up with an idea for a product or service to put in the store. 

One of my favorite examples is my mother's home business. She builds very creative and unique birdhouses. She uses scrap lumber from a local sawmill (free) and driftwood from the local beach (free), to keep her material costs low. Another local artist provides the miniature sculptures for a percentage of the sales. She started by building and selling these for the local tourist trade in Homer Alaska, and was doing ok. But when we put them on the Internet (http://www.ptialaska.net/~cortez/) sales really began to soar. Not everyone that would be interested in the birdhouses can afford to visit Homer, and we certainly couldn't afford to advertise to the world in any other way. We were able to reach this larger market by using free web hosting, design, and promotion services. Once we developed a flow of traffic, we were able to create additional income streams by selling other peoples products as well. (I'll discuss this further later in this article)

This business model can work for just about any product that can be shipped. What unique item can you build using local materials? Do you have a craft or gift idea that is unique? How about a kit or plans for something you have built?

Information is another type of product. What do you know or know how to do that would be of interest or value to others? You can either sell that information as a report, or a tip booklet. Or you can give the information away at your store and sell other peoples related products for a commission. The advantage here is that once you put your information in the store it is done. You don't have to keep building it and shipping it. If your not comfortable with writing your own material you can use a ghostwriter (http://www.home-work.net).

Another home business opportunity that is unique to the Internet is based on common interests. What do you have a special interest in that others may share? Music, books, computers, cars, gardening, collectibles, etc…? The idea in this business model is to create a site with information and resources available online of interest to others. Then you select products to sell of interest to people that would be visiting your site. For instance, if you had an avid interest in a particular type of music. You could develop a site that was a resource for others with that same interest. The site could include links to artists sites, reviews of the latest releases, concert tour information, photos, sound clips, interview excerpts, a chat room, or discussion board. You become an "associate" of one of the CD distributors online and receive a commission on CD's that are sold. The distributor does the entire order fulfillment. The number and variety of companies that have an associate program online is growing daily. They cover all kinds of products and services from gifts to computers or web hosting to credit cards.

Start with what you know, apply some imagination, and open your low cost home business online. The market is growing everyday - world wide.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Bob Cortez has 20 years of sales and marketing experience. Through Total Quality Marketing he is providing consulting services to home based entrepreneurs looking to expand their business online and take advantage of  the tremendous opportunities available.

Total Quality Marketing
PO Box 338
Homer Alaska 99603

The most frequently asked question I receive as an Internet home business consultant usually goes something like this; "I would really like to start my own home business on the Internet, but I don't know what." The short answer is - Start with what you know and enjoy.

There are a number of good reasons for this

By drawing on existing knowledge, you can concentrate on building a business rather than learning about a new trade, product, or service.

Starting and running a home business means long hours and sacrifice. It is easier to do when you are doing something you enjoy.

Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.

The Internet offers unique opportunities for the home business netrepreneur. It creates the ability to reach a much larger potential market for your product, service, or information at a much lower price than through conventional advertising mediums.

The Internet and World Wide Web are still in their infancy. Right now, you can get everything you need to put your business online - free. It is like someone offering you a store (web hosting), full time staff (web pages, auto responders) and advertising (lots of advertising) for free. All you have to do is come up with an idea for a product or service to put in the store. 

One of my favorite examples is my mother's home business. She builds very creative and unique birdhouses. She uses scrap lumber from a local sawmill (free) and driftwood from the local beach (free), to keep her material costs low. Another local artist provides the miniature sculptures for a percentage of the sales. She started by building and selling these for the local tourist trade in Homer Alaska, and was doing ok. But when we put them on the Internet (http://www.ptialaska.net/~cortez/) sales really began to soar. Not everyone that would be interested in the birdhouses can afford to visit Homer, and we certainly couldn't afford to advertise to the world in any other way. We were able to reach this larger market by using free web hosting, design, and promotion services. Once we developed a flow of traffic, we were able to create additional income streams by selling other peoples products as well. (I'll discuss this further later in this article)

This business model can work for just about any product that can be shipped. What unique item can you build using local materials? Do you have a craft or gift idea that is unique? How about a kit or plans for something you have built?

Information is another type of product. What do you know or know how to do that would be of interest or value to others? You can either sell that information as a report, or a tip booklet. Or you can give the information away at your store and sell other peoples related products for a commission. The advantage here is that once you put your information in the store it is done. You don't have to keep building it and shipping it. If your not comfortable with writing your own material you can use a ghostwriter (http://www.home-work.net).

Another home business opportunity that is unique to the Internet is based on common interests. What do you have a special interest in that others may share? Music, books, computers, cars, gardening, collectibles, etc…? The idea in this business model is to create a site with information and resources available online of interest to others. Then you select products to sell of interest to people that would be visiting your site. For instance, if you had an avid interest in a particular type of music. You could develop a site that was a resource for others with that same interest. The site could include links to artists sites, reviews of the latest releases, concert tour information, photos, sound clips, interview excerpts, a chat room, or discussion board. You become an "associate" of one of the CD distributors online and receive a commission on CD's that are sold. The distributor does the entire order fulfillment. The number and variety of companies that have an associate program online is growing daily. They cover all kinds of products and services from gifts to computers or web hosting to credit cards.

Start with what you know, apply some imagination, and open your low cost home business online. The market is growing everyday - world wide.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Bob Cortez has 20 years of sales and marketing experience. Through Total Quality Marketing he is providing consulting services to home based entrepreneurs looking to expand their business online and take advantage of  the tremendous opportunities available.

Total Quality Marketing
PO Box 338
Homer Alaska 99603

The most frequently asked question I receive as an Internet home business consultant usually goes something like this; "I would really like to start my own home business on the Internet, but I don't know what." The short answer is - Start with what you know and enjoy.

There are a number of good reasons for this

By drawing on existing knowledge, you can concentrate on building a business rather than learning about a new trade, product, or service.

Starting and running a home business means long hours and sacrifice. It is easier to do when you are doing something you enjoy.

Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.

The Internet offers unique opportunities for the home business netrepreneur. It creates the ability to reach a much larger potential market for your product, service, or information at a much lower price than through conventional advertising mediums.

The Internet and World Wide Web are still in their infancy. Right now, you can get everything you need to put your business online - free. It is like someone offering you a store (web hosting), full time staff (web pages, auto responders) and advertising (lots of advertising) for free. All you have to do is come up with an idea for a product or service to put in the store. 

One of my favorite examples is my mother's home business. She builds very creative and unique birdhouses. She uses scrap lumber from a local sawmill (free) and driftwood from the local beach (free), to keep her material costs low. Another local artist provides the miniature sculptures for a percentage of the sales. She started by building and selling these for the local tourist trade in Homer Alaska, and was doing ok. But when we put them on the Internet (http://www.ptialaska.net/~cortez/) sales really began to soar. Not everyone that would be interested in the birdhouses can afford to visit Homer, and we certainly couldn't afford to advertise to the world in any other way. We were able to reach this larger market by using free web hosting, design, and promotion services. Once we developed a flow of traffic, we were able to create additional income streams by selling other peoples products as well. (I'll discuss this further later in this article)

This business model can work for just about any product that can be shipped. What unique item can you build using local materials? Do you have a craft or gift idea that is unique? How about a kit or plans for something you have built?

Information is another type of product. What do you know or know how to do that would be of interest or value to others? You can either sell that information as a report, or a tip booklet. Or you can give the information away at your store and sell other peoples related products for a commission. The advantage here is that once you put your information in the store it is done. You don't have to keep building it and shipping it. If your not comfortable with writing your own material you can use a ghostwriter (http://www.home-work.net).

Another home business opportunity that is unique to the Internet is based on common interests. What do you have a special interest in that others may share? Music, books, computers, cars, gardening, collectibles, etc…? The idea in this business model is to create a site with information and resources available online of interest to others. Then you select products to sell of interest to people that would be visiting your site. For instance, if you had an avid interest in a particular type of music. You could develop a site that was a resource for others with that same interest. The site could include links to artists sites, reviews of the latest releases, concert tour information, photos, sound clips, interview excerpts, a chat room, or discussion board. You become an "associate" of one of the CD distributors online and receive a commission on CD's that are sold. The distributor does the entire order fulfillment. The number and variety of companies that have an associate program online is growing daily. They cover all kinds of products and services from gifts to computers or web hosting to credit cards.

Start with what you know, apply some imagination, and open your low cost home business online. The market is growing everyday - world wide.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Bob Cortez has 20 years of sales and marketing experience. Through Total Quality Marketing he is providing consulting services to home based entrepreneurs looking to expand their business online and take advantage of  the tremendous opportunities available.

Total Quality Marketing
PO Box 338
Homer Alaska 99603

The most frequently asked question I receive as an Internet home business consultant usually goes something like this; "I would really like to start my own home business on the Internet, but I don't know what." The short answer is - Start with what you know and enjoy.

There are a number of good reasons for this

By drawing on existing knowledge, you can concentrate on building a business rather than learning about a new trade, product, or service.

Starting and running a home business means long hours and sacrifice. It is easier to do when you are doing something you enjoy.

Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.

The Internet offers unique opportunities for the home business netrepreneur. It creates the ability to reach a much larger potential market for your product, service, or information at a much lower price than through conventional advertising mediums.

The Internet and World Wide Web are still in their infancy. Right now, you can get everything you need to put your business online - free. It is like someone offering you a store (web hosting), full time staff (web pages, auto responders) and advertising (lots of advertising) for free. All you have to do is come up with an idea for a product or service to put in the store. 

One of my favorite examples is my mother's home business. She builds very creative and unique birdhouses. She uses scrap lumber from a local sawmill (free) and driftwood from the local beach (free), to keep her material costs low. Another local artist provides the miniature sculptures for a percentage of the sales. She started by building and selling these for the local tourist trade in Homer Alaska, and was doing ok. But when we put them on the Internet (http://www.ptialaska.net/~cortez/) sales really began to soar. Not everyone that would be interested in the birdhouses can afford to visit Homer, and we certainly couldn't afford to advertise to the world in any other way. We were able to reach this larger market by using free web hosting, design, and promotion services. Once we developed a flow of traffic, we were able to create additional income streams by selling other peoples products as well. (I'll discuss this further later in this article)

This business model can work for just about any product that can be shipped. What unique item can you build using local materials? Do you have a craft or gift idea that is unique? How about a kit or plans for something you have built?

Information is another type of product. What do you know or know how to do that would be of interest or value to others? You can either sell that information as a report, or a tip booklet. Or you can give the information away at your store and sell other peoples related products for a commission. The advantage here is that once you put your information in the store it is done. You don't have to keep building it and shipping it. If your not comfortable with writing your own material you can use a ghostwriter (http://www.home-work.net).

Another home business opportunity that is unique to the Internet is based on common interests. What do you have a special interest in that others may share? Music, books, computers, cars, gardening, collectibles, etc…? The idea in this business model is to create a site with information and resources available online of interest to others. Then you select products to sell of interest to people that would be visiting your site. For instance, if you had an avid interest in a particular type of music. You could develop a site that was a resource for others with that same interest. The site could include links to artists sites, reviews of the latest releases, concert tour information, photos, sound clips, interview excerpts, a chat room, or discussion board. You become an "associate" of one of the CD distributors online and receive a commission on CD's that are sold. The distributor does the entire order fulfillment. The number and variety of companies that have an associate program online is growing daily. They cover all kinds of products and services from gifts to computers or web hosting to credit cards.

Start with what you know, apply some imagination, and open your low cost home business online. The market is growing everyday - world wide.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Bob Cortez has 20 years of sales and marketing experience. Through Total Quality Marketing he is providing consulting services to home based entrepreneurs looking to expand their business online and take advantage of  the tremendous opportunities available.

Total Quality Marketing
PO Box 338
Homer Alaska 99603

The most frequently asked question I receive as an Internet home business consultant usually goes something like this; "I would really like to start my own home business on the Internet, but I don't know what." The short answer is - Start with what you know and enjoy.

There are a number of good reasons for this

By drawing on existing knowledge, you can concentrate on building a business rather than learning about a new trade, product, or service.

Starting and running a home business means long hours and sacrifice. It is easier to do when you are doing something you enjoy.

Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.Selling what you know and enjoy is less difficult for non-salespeople.

The Internet offers unique opportunities for the home business netrepreneur. It creates the ability to reach a much larger potential market for your product, service, or information at a much lower price than through conventional advertising mediums.

The Internet and World Wide Web are still in their infancy. Right now, you can get everything you need to put your business online - free. It is like someone offering you a store (web hosting), full time staff (web pages, auto responders) and advertising (lots of advertising) for free. All you have to do is come up with an idea for a product or service to put in the store. 

One of my favorite examples is my mother's home business. She builds very creative and unique birdhouses. She uses scrap lumber from a local sawmill (free) and driftwood from the local beach (free), to keep her material costs low. Another local artist provides the miniature sculptures for a percentage of the sales. She started by building and selling these for the local tourist trade in Homer Alaska, and was doing ok. But when we put them on the Internet (http://www.ptialaska.net/~cortez/) sales really began to soar. Not everyone that would be interested in the birdhouses can afford to visit Homer, and we certainly couldn't afford to advertise to the world in any other way. We were able to reach this larger market by using free web hosting, design, and promotion services. Once we developed a flow of traffic, we were able to create additional income streams by selling other peoples products as well. (I'll discuss this further later in this article)

This business model can work for just about any product that can be shipped. What unique item can you build using local materials? Do you have a craft or gift idea that is unique? How about a kit or plans for something you have built?

Information is another type of product. What do you know or know how to do that would be of interest or value to others? You can either sell that information as a report, or a tip booklet. Or you can give the information away at your store and sell other peoples related products for a commission. The advantage here is that once you put your information in the store it is done. You don't have to keep building it and shipping it. If your not comfortable with writing your own material you can use a ghostwriter (http://www.home-work.net).

Another home business opportunity that is unique to the Internet is based on common interests. What do you have a special interest in that others may share? Music, books, computers, cars, gardening, collectibles, etc…? The idea in this business model is to create a site with information and resources available online of interest to others. Then you select products to sell of interest to people that would be visiting your site. For instance, if you had an avid interest in a particular type of music. You could develop a site that was a resource for others with that same interest. The site could include links to artists sites, reviews of the latest releases, concert tour information, photos, sound clips, interview excerpts, a chat room, or discussion board. You become an "associate" of one of the CD distributors online and receive a commission on CD's that are sold. The distributor does the entire order fulfillment. The number and variety of companies that have an associate program online is growing daily. They cover all kinds of products and services from gifts to computers or web hosting to credit cards.

Start with what you know, apply some imagination, and open your low cost home business online. The market is growing everyday - world wide.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Bob Cortez has 20 years of sales and marketing experience. Through Total Quality Marketing he is providing consulting services to home based entrepreneurs looking to expand their business online and take advantage of  the tremendous opportunities available.

Total Quality Marketing
PO Box 338
Homer Alaska 99603

In these days, it's becoming increasingly difficult to make ends meet with just one source of income. Thus, more and more people are investigating the possibilities of starting their own extra-income business. Most of these part-time endeavors are started and operated from the comfort and privacy of the home.

Most of these people are making the extra money they need. Some have wisely and carefully built these extra income efforts into full-time, very profitable businesses. Others are just keeping busy, having fun, and enjoying life as never before. The important thing is that they are doing something other than waiting for the government to give them a handout; they are improving their lot in life, and you can do it, too!

The fields of mail order selling, multi-level marketing, and in-home party sales have never been more popular. If any of these kinds of extra income producing ideas appeal to you, then you owe it to yourself to check them out. But these aren't the only fields of endeavor you can start and operate from home, with little or no investment, and learn as you go.

If you type, you can start a home-based typing service; if you have a truck or have access to a trailer, you can start a clean-up/hauling service. Simply collecting old news papers from your neighbors can get you started in the paper recycling business. More than a few enterprising housewives have found success and fortune by starting home and/or apartment cleaning services. If you have a yard full of flowers, you can make good extra money by supplying fresh cut flowers to restaurants and offices in your area on a regular basis. You might turn a ceramics hobby into a lucrative personalized coffee mug business. What I'm saying is that in reality, there's literally no end to the ways you can start and operate a profitable extra income business from your home.

The first thing you must do, however, is some basic market research. Find out for yourself, first-hand, just how many people there are in your area who are interested in your proposed product or service, and would be willing to stand in line and pay money for it. This is known as defining your market and pinpointing your customers. If after checking around, talking about your idea with a whole lot of people over a period of one to three months, you get the idea that these people would be paying customers, your next effort should be directed toward the detailing of your business plan. The more precise and detailed your plan - covering all the bases relating to how you'll do everything that needs to be done - the easier it's going to be for you to attain success. Such a plan should show your start-up investment needs, your advertising plan, your production costs and procedures, your sales program, and how your time will be allocated. Too often, enthusiastic and ambitious entrepreneurs jump in on an extra income project and suddenly find that the costs are beyond their abilities, and the time requirements more than they can meet. It pays to lay it all out on paper before you get involved, and the clearer you can see everything before you start, the better your chances for success.

Now, assuming you've got your market targeted, you know who your customers are going to be and how you're going to reach them with your product or service. And you have all your costs as well as time requirements itemized. The next step is to set your plan in motion and start making money.

Here is the most important secret of all, relating to starting and building a profitable home-based business, so read very carefully. Regardless of what kind of business you start, you must have the capital and the available time to sustain your business through the first six months of operation. Specifically, you must not count on receiving or spending any money coming in from your business on yourself or for your bills during those first six months. All the income from your business during those first six months should be reinvested in your business in order for it to grow and reach our planned first year potential.

Once you've passed that first six months milestone, you can set up a small monthly salary for yourself, and begin enjoying the fruits of your labor. But the first six months or operation for any business are critical, so do not plan to use any of the money your business generates for yourself during that period.

If you've got your business plan properly organized, and have implemented the plan, you should at the end of your first year be able to begin thinking about hiring other people to alleviate some of your work-load. Remember this: Starting a successful business is not a means towards either a job for yourself or a way to keep busy. It should be regarded as the beginning of an enterprise that will grow and prosper, with you as the top dog. Eventually, you'll have other people doing all the work for you, even running the entire operation, while you vacation in the Bahamas or Hawaii and collect or receive regular income from your initial efforts.

For more details on market research, business planning, advertising, selling, order fulfillment, and other aspects of home-based businesses, watch World Wide Information Outlet for future reports.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Reprint permission for any medium is granted only if all information below this notice, including the WWIO web site link and authors biography are included as written.

In these days, it's becoming increasingly difficult to make ends meet with just one source of income. Thus, more and more people are investigating the possibilities of starting their own extra-income business. Most of these part-time endeavors are started and operated from the comfort and privacy of the home.

Most of these people are making the extra money they need. Some have wisely and carefully built these extra income efforts into full-time, very profitable businesses. Others are just keeping busy, having fun, and enjoying life as never before. The important thing is that they are doing something other than waiting for the government to give them a handout; they are improving their lot in life, and you can do it, too!

The fields of mail order selling, multi-level marketing, and in-home party sales have never been more popular. If any of these kinds of extra income producing ideas appeal to you, then you owe it to yourself to check them out. But these aren't the only fields of endeavor you can start and operate from home, with little or no investment, and learn as you go.

If you type, you can start a home-based typing service; if you have a truck or have access to a trailer, you can start a clean-up/hauling service. Simply collecting old news papers from your neighbors can get you started in the paper recycling business. More than a few enterprising housewives have found success and fortune by starting home and/or apartment cleaning services. If you have a yard full of flowers, you can make good extra money by supplying fresh cut flowers to restaurants and offices in your area on a regular basis. You might turn a ceramics hobby into a lucrative personalized coffee mug business. What I'm saying is that in reality, there's literally no end to the ways you can start and operate a profitable extra income business from your home.

The first thing you must do, however, is some basic market research. Find out for yourself, first-hand, just how many people there are in your area who are interested in your proposed product or service, and would be willing to stand in line and pay money for it. This is known as defining your market and pinpointing your customers. If after checking around, talking about your idea with a whole lot of people over a period of one to three months, you get the idea that these people would be paying customers, your next effort should be directed toward the detailing of your business plan. The more precise and detailed your plan - covering all the bases relating to how you'll do everything that needs to be done - the easier it's going to be for you to attain success. Such a plan should show your start-up investment needs, your advertising plan, your production costs and procedures, your sales program, and how your time will be allocated. Too often, enthusiastic and ambitious entrepreneurs jump in on an extra income project and suddenly find that the costs are beyond their abilities, and the time requirements more than they can meet. It pays to lay it all out on paper before you get involved, and the clearer you can see everything before you start, the better your chances for success.

Now, assuming you've got your market targeted, you know who your customers are going to be and how you're going to reach them with your product or service. And you have all your costs as well as time requirements itemized. The next step is to set your plan in motion and start making money.

Here is the most important secret of all, relating to starting and building a profitable home-based business, so read very carefully. Regardless of what kind of business you start, you must have the capital and the available time to sustain your business through the first six months of operation. Specifically, you must not count on receiving or spending any money coming in from your business on yourself or for your bills during those first six months. All the income from your business during those first six months should be reinvested in your business in order for it to grow and reach our planned first year potential.

Once you've passed that first six months milestone, you can set up a small monthly salary for yourself, and begin enjoying the fruits of your labor. But the first six months or operation for any business are critical, so do not plan to use any of the money your business generates for yourself during that period.

If you've got your business plan properly organized, and have implemented the plan, you should at the end of your first year be able to begin thinking about hiring other people to alleviate some of your work-load. Remember this: Starting a successful business is not a means towards either a job for yourself or a way to keep busy. It should be regarded as the beginning of an enterprise that will grow and prosper, with you as the top dog. Eventually, you'll have other people doing all the work for you, even running the entire operation, while you vacation in the Bahamas or Hawaii and collect or receive regular income from your initial efforts.

For more details on market research, business planning, advertising, selling, order fulfillment, and other aspects of home-based businesses, watch World Wide Information Outlet for future reports.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Reprint permission for any medium is granted only if all information below this notice, including the WWIO web site link and authors biography are included as written.

In these days, it's becoming increasingly difficult to make ends meet with just one source of income. Thus, more and more people are investigating the possibilities of starting their own extra-income business. Most of these part-time endeavors are started and operated from the comfort and privacy of the home.

Most of these people are making the extra money they need. Some have wisely and carefully built these extra income efforts into full-time, very profitable businesses. Others are just keeping busy, having fun, and enjoying life as never before. The important thing is that they are doing something other than waiting for the government to give them a handout; they are improving their lot in life, and you can do it, too!

The fields of mail order selling, multi-level marketing, and in-home party sales have never been more popular. If any of these kinds of extra income producing ideas appeal to you, then you owe it to yourself to check them out. But these aren't the only fields of endeavor you can start and operate from home, with little or no investment, and learn as you go.

If you type, you can start a home-based typing service; if you have a truck or have access to a trailer, you can start a clean-up/hauling service. Simply collecting old news papers from your neighbors can get you started in the paper recycling business. More than a few enterprising housewives have found success and fortune by starting home and/or apartment cleaning services. If you have a yard full of flowers, you can make good extra money by supplying fresh cut flowers to restaurants and offices in your area on a regular basis. You might turn a ceramics hobby into a lucrative personalized coffee mug business. What I'm saying is that in reality, there's literally no end to the ways you can start and operate a profitable extra income business from your home.

The first thing you must do, however, is some basic market research. Find out for yourself, first-hand, just how many people there are in your area who are interested in your proposed product or service, and would be willing to stand in line and pay money for it. This is known as defining your market and pinpointing your customers. If after checking around, talking about your idea with a whole lot of people over a period of one to three months, you get the idea that these people would be paying customers, your next effort should be directed toward the detailing of your business plan. The more precise and detailed your plan - covering all the bases relating to how you'll do everything that needs to be done - the easier it's going to be for you to attain success. Such a plan should show your start-up investment needs, your advertising plan, your production costs and procedures, your sales program, and how your time will be allocated. Too often, enthusiastic and ambitious entrepreneurs jump in on an extra income project and suddenly find that the costs are beyond their abilities, and the time requirements more than they can meet. It pays to lay it all out on paper before you get involved, and the clearer you can see everything before you start, the better your chances for success.

Now, assuming you've got your market targeted, you know who your customers are going to be and how you're going to reach them with your product or service. And you have all your costs as well as time requirements itemized. The next step is to set your plan in motion and start making money.

Here is the most important secret of all, relating to starting and building a profitable home-based business, so read very carefully. Regardless of what kind of business you start, you must have the capital and the available time to sustain your business through the first six months of operation. Specifically, you must not count on receiving or spending any money coming in from your business on yourself or for your bills during those first six months. All the income from your business during those first six months should be reinvested in your business in order for it to grow and reach our planned first year potential.

Once you've passed that first six months milestone, you can set up a small monthly salary for yourself, and begin enjoying the fruits of your labor. But the first six months or operation for any business are critical, so do not plan to use any of the money your business generates for yourself during that period.

If you've got your business plan properly organized, and have implemented the plan, you should at the end of your first year be able to begin thinking about hiring other people to alleviate some of your work-load. Remember this: Starting a successful business is not a means towards either a job for yourself or a way to keep busy. It should be regarded as the beginning of an enterprise that will grow and prosper, with you as the top dog. Eventually, you'll have other people doing all the work for you, even running the entire operation, while you vacation in the Bahamas or Hawaii and collect or receive regular income from your initial efforts.

For more details on market research, business planning, advertising, selling, order fulfillment, and other aspects of home-based businesses, watch World Wide Information Outlet for future reports.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Reprint permission for any medium is granted only if all information below this notice, including the WWIO web site link and authors biography are included as written.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

10 Ways to Maximize the Impact of TrainingRon Kaufman

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

A database is more than a simple list of names and addresses. What turns a list into a database is the additionalinformation, coupled with your ability to select names from or report on the list using any combination of data elements.

In this report, you'll see some examples of the benefits of developing and maintaining a database. Then, the specific information that a database can contain will be detailed.

BENEFITS OF A DATABASE

By maintaining your list as a database, you can segment in many ways for targeting. Targeting improves the productivity of your offers. You can use a database to isolate the segment of your list most likely to respond to a particular offer. With a good database, you're not mass-mailing your offer to parts of your list that may have no interest in it (based on their characteristics). Because the number you're mailing is smaller, your response rate (number responding/number mailed) - one measure of productivity - should be higher. (And, of course, you'll save on printing and postage costs.)

Here are two simple examples of targeting using database information:

You're the owner of a neighborhood beauty salon. For each customer, you keep a record (with dates) of all the services you've provided to that customer. You're planning a special pre-summer promotion on permanent waves for the month of May.

Instead of mailing an announcement of the sale to your entire customer list (many of whom don't have their hair permed), you select only those customers who had a permanent at least three months ago. In this way, you're targeting those customers who are most likely to take advantage of your upcoming sale.

You're the dinner chairperson of a local fund-raising organization. Your mailing list is made up of a wide range of contributors, from those who've donated only a few dollars to those who give annual gifts of thousands of dollars. For each contributor, you maintain a record of all past donations and functions he/she has attended, in addition to basic mailing information.

This year, you're asking for donations of $100 a plate for the annual dinner dance. To get the best response to your invitation, you first target those contributors who were at last year's dinner dance. Then you target those who weren't at the dance, but who donated more than $100 in the past year. Depending on the response you expect from these first two groups, you may next want to target those names on your list that didn't attend the last dance, but contributed $50 in the last year. You may even want to have a phone follow-up to the first two groups but use the mailing only for the third group.

A properly set up database can provide many benefits for your business or organization. But the usefulness of a database depends entirely on what elements you include in it.

WHAT TO INCLUDE IN THE DATABASE

Depending on your type of business or organization, you will want to include different fields in your database. Later in this report you will see some examples of the fields that are appropriate in specific instances. For all businesses or organizations, though, certain basic information is always necessary.

By including basic information in your database, you ensure that the people or companies on your list are deliverable. That is, the mailings you produce using your list will get where you want them to go - into the hands of the individual who is most likely to respond to your offer.

Basic information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, you will need to include the following fields for each name on your list:

A unique account number.

This number should not be tied into any other information about the customer, for example, phone number or address, since this sort of information may change over time. The account number should never change throughout the life of the customer. A sequential numbering system is simple and effective.

Company name.

Street Address.

Suite number, is necessary

P.O. Box, if necessary.

City

State

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

Job title or name of contact.

Some business mailers maintain the name of the individual within the customer's business or organization. Others simply use the appropriate job title. The alternative you choose will depend on the nature of your business and the amount of turnover associated with the position that is your contact.

Basic Information for Individual (Non-Business) Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you will need to include the following data for each name on the list:

A unique account number.

Individual's name.

Street address or P.O. Box.

Apartment number, is necessary.

City.

State.

Zip Code, five or nine digit.

Phone number (with area code).

The basic information listed above is necessary to make sure that the names on your mailing list are mailable. But how do you decide which names are more productive?

Data Elements to Evaluate - Recency, Frequency and Monetary Value

Regardless of whether you're mailing to businesses or individuals, there are three factors - recency, frequency and monetary value - that are commonly used to measure the value of a name.

Recency: Recency refers to the last time that the customer ordered or responded to an offer.

Frequency: Frequency is the number of orders or responses that the customer has made since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

Monetary Value: The monetary value is the amount of money the customer has spent since becoming a customer (or during the last year or other specified time period).

How do these three factors determine the value of a customer (the likelihood he/she will order again)?

• The more recently a customer has ordered from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more often a customer orders from you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  
• The more money a customer spends with you, the more likely he/she will be to respond to your next offer.
  
  

All three factors - recency, frequency, and monetary value - are considered to be good indicators of whether or not a customer is likely to respond to a future offer. But they are not equal. Recency is thought to be the best indicator, followed by frequency and then monetary value.

In order to use these valuable pieces of information, here are the specific fields you need to maintain on your database:

• For recency: The date of the last transaction with the customer - the date of the customer's last order, purchase or donation.
  
  
• For frequency: The dates of all previous transactions with the customer over a certain period of time.
  
  
• For monetary value: The size (in dollars) of all of the customer's previous purchases or other transactions. (It is also common to maintain the dollar amount of the customer's most recent order as the monetary value indicator.)
  
  

In addition to evaluating the recency, frequency, and monetary worth of your audience, you will probably find that there are many other important ways to analyze the names on your database.

Additional Information for Business Audiences

If your audience is made up of businesses, there is additional descriptive information, some specific to your product or offer, that could be valuable to have.

You might want to consider storing some of the following data elements for each of the names on your database:

Number of employees in the business/organization.

Type of business/organization.

The United States Government four-digit coding system, the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, is commonly used to identify businesses. For example, the codes 5211 through 5999 identify Retailers. Within that category, 5411 is the code for Grocery Stores, 5441 the number for Candy, Nut and Congectionery Stores. The SIC Manual is available through the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Annual sales volume.

Credit status code

The credit status code could be developed by you, based on the customer's payment history or perhaps obtained from a commercial credit report.

Items ordered from you.

With data in this field, you can select customers for programs designed to get them to reorder an item, or to order complementary or supply items.

Location.

Is it a headquarters, subsidiary, branch, division, etc.? If you are making an offer that requires a decision by someone at the headquarters of a company, you may not want to send it to the branch office (unless there are employees involved in the decision too).

Source of the name.

This field is usually a code representing where you got the name. Assign a unique code for each referral program, publication advertisement, list, etc., you use to get a new name. Assigning a source code to each new customer allowsyou to evaluate the effectiveness of each technique you use to get customers or to collect prospect names.

Additional Information for Individual Audiences

If your audience is made up of individuals, you may want to collect information on the household unit, often the most relevant purchasing unit. Here are some suggestions for demographic information that could be useful to you in analyzing the names on your mailing list.

Household income.

Occupations of household members.

Number of people in the household.

Ages of the members of the household.

Genders of members of the household.

Marital status of members of the household.

Information on property belonging to the household:

• Type of living quarters.
  
  
• Owned or rented living quarters.
  
  
• Number, make, model, etc. of each
  
  automobile.
• Number, make, model, etc. of each major appliance.
  
  

Political affiliation.

Hobbies and leisure time activities.

Now you know the secrets of how a database can turn your mailing list into a valuable asset for your business or organization. You understand what basic fields to include. And you have had an overview of what additional fields might be added to the basic ones that make a list mailable. Be sure to carefully analyze your own needs and to include information that would be of help to you in mailing smarter. In a future report, we will explain the details of how to go about collecting the names for your mailing list, starting with your customer list.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

This article may be used online or off line in publications as long as credit is given to World Wide Information Outlet in the above resource box.

60 Second Window #26 Color at a price...None
Fred Showker

Newsletter tips beyond computers and software...

As we've said many times before, publishing a newsletter can be one of your best marketing activities.

For most however, the cost of adding a second or spot color to each issue of a newsletter can be prohibitive. This requires a second plate and in most cases a second press run.

Newsletters in the four to twelve page range can enjoy an additional color at very little per-issue cost by printing a year's supply of lanks in advance. Plan your year, or perhaps the next nine months, into the budget to cover the initial cost.

Design your blank with a color masthead, logo, tint boxes, or page graphics, leaving the body blank to be imprinted with each new month's text and graphics. (In the old days we called this a dough-nut!) Design carefully though, your color elements must remain the same for each issue. Make arrangements well in advance so your printer can print at his convenience, and when the color you want happens to be on the press for another job. You can probably make him happy, and get a little off the job if you ask what colors are coming up soon for other jobs and make your selection from those. Don't forget - each time the printer changes colors, he has to do a wash-up.

For small circulation NLs, monthly imprints can be printed by a less complicated, less costly jiffy-print type printers - or even on your own photo-copier. It will make your job a little easier, less expensive and will provide a nicer looking newsletter as well.

Put that marketing partner in high gear by adding easy, low-cost color!

Happy publishing,

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Fred Showker is a 27-year veteran of the publishing and graphic arts industry, author and speaker. He is editor and publisher of DT&G: The Electronic Journal of Design, Type & Graphics, the design and publishing industry's longest running online magazine. The Design & Publishing Center hosts Photoshop Tips & Tricks, WebDesign & Review, The Designers Bookshelf and departments for the four areas of the graphic arts fields.

DT&G Magazine ('97 APEX Grand Award Winner)
The User Group Network News Service
http://www.user-groups.com/
Now serving 165,000 readers per month!

Newsletter tips beyond computers and software...

As we've said many times before, publishing a newsletter can be one of your best marketing activities.

For most however, the cost of adding a second or spot color to each issue of a newsletter can be prohibitive. This requires a second plate and in most cases a second press run.

Newsletters in the four to twelve page range can enjoy an additional color at very little per-issue cost by printing a year's supply of lanks in advance. Plan your year, or perhaps the next nine months, into the budget to cover the initial cost.

Design your blank with a color masthead, logo, tint boxes, or page graphics, leaving the body blank to be imprinted with each new month's text and graphics. (In the old days we called this a dough-nut!) Design carefully though, your color elements must remain the same for each issue. Make arrangements well in advance so your printer can print at his convenience, and when the color you want happens to be on the press for another job. You can probably make him happy, and get a little off the job if you ask what colors are coming up soon for other jobs and make your selection from those. Don't forget - each time the printer changes colors, he has to do a wash-up.

For small circulation NLs, monthly imprints can be printed by a less complicated, less costly jiffy-print type printers - or even on your own photo-copier. It will make your job a little easier, less expensive and will provide a nicer looking newsletter as well.

Put that marketing partner in high gear by adding easy, low-cost color!

Happy publishing,

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Fred Showker is a 27-year veteran of the publishing and graphic arts industry, author and speaker. He is editor and publisher of DT&G: The Electronic Journal of Design, Type & Graphics, the design and publishing industry's longest running online magazine. The Design & Publishing Center hosts Photoshop Tips & Tricks, WebDesign & Review, The Designers Bookshelf and departments for the four areas of the graphic arts fields.

DT&G Magazine ('97 APEX Grand Award Winner)
The User Group Network News Service
http://www.user-groups.com/
Now serving 165,000 readers per month!

Newsletter tips beyond computers and software...

As we've said many times before, publishing a newsletter can be one of your best marketing activities.

For most however, the cost of adding a second or spot color to each issue of a newsletter can be prohibitive. This requires a second plate and in most cases a second press run.

Newsletters in the four to twelve page range can enjoy an additional color at very little per-issue cost by printing a year's supply of lanks in advance. Plan your year, or perhaps the next nine months, into the budget to cover the initial cost.

Design your blank with a color masthead, logo, tint boxes, or page graphics, leaving the body blank to be imprinted with each new month's text and graphics. (In the old days we called this a dough-nut!) Design carefully though, your color elements must remain the same for each issue. Make arrangements well in advance so your printer can print at his convenience, and when the color you want happens to be on the press for another job. You can probably make him happy, and get a little off the job if you ask what colors are coming up soon for other jobs and make your selection from those. Don't forget - each time the printer changes colors, he has to do a wash-up.

For small circulation NLs, monthly imprints can be printed by a less complicated, less costly jiffy-print type printers - or even on your own photo-copier. It will make your job a little easier, less expensive and will provide a nicer looking newsletter as well.

Put that marketing partner in high gear by adding easy, low-cost color!

Happy publishing,

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Fred Showker is a 27-year veteran of the publishing and graphic arts industry, author and speaker. He is editor and publisher of DT&G: The Electronic Journal of Design, Type & Graphics, the design and publishing industry's longest running online magazine. The Design & Publishing Center hosts Photoshop Tips & Tricks, WebDesign & Review, The Designers Bookshelf and departments for the four areas of the graphic arts fields.

DT&G Magazine ('97 APEX Grand Award Winner)
The User Group Network News Service
http://www.user-groups.com/
Now serving 165,000 readers per month!

Newsletter tips beyond computers and software...

As we've said many times before, publishing a newsletter can be one of your best marketing activities.

For most however, the cost of adding a second or spot color to each issue of a newsletter can be prohibitive. This requires a second plate and in most cases a second press run.

Newsletters in the four to twelve page range can enjoy an additional color at very little per-issue cost by printing a year's supply of lanks in advance. Plan your year, or perhaps the next nine months, into the budget to cover the initial cost.

Design your blank with a color masthead, logo, tint boxes, or page graphics, leaving the body blank to be imprinted with each new month's text and graphics. (In the old days we called this a dough-nut!) Design carefully though, your color elements must remain the same for each issue. Make arrangements well in advance so your printer can print at his convenience, and when the color you want happens to be on the press for another job. You can probably make him happy, and get a little off the job if you ask what colors are coming up soon for other jobs and make your selection from those. Don't forget - each time the printer changes colors, he has to do a wash-up.

For small circulation NLs, monthly imprints can be printed by a less complicated, less costly jiffy-print type printers - or even on your own photo-copier. It will make your job a little easier, less expensive and will provide a nicer looking newsletter as well.

Put that marketing partner in high gear by adding easy, low-cost color!

Happy publishing,

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Fred Showker is a 27-year veteran of the publishing and graphic arts industry, author and speaker. He is editor and publisher of DT&G: The Electronic Journal of Design, Type & Graphics, the design and publishing industry's longest running online magazine. The Design & Publishing Center hosts Photoshop Tips & Tricks, WebDesign & Review, The Designers Bookshelf and departments for the four areas of the graphic arts fields.

DT&G Magazine ('97 APEX Grand Award Winner)
The User Group Network News Service
http://www.user-groups.com/
Now serving 165,000 readers per month!

Guidelines' Guidelines. (Is there an echo in here?)Ed Churnside
Fred Showker

Newsletter tips beyond computers and software...

As we've said many times before, publishing a newsletter can be one of your best marketing activities.

For most however, the cost of adding a second or spot color to each issue of a newsletter can be prohibitive. This requires a second plate and in most cases a second press run.

Newsletters in the four to twelve page range can enjoy an additional color at very little per-issue cost by printing a year's supply of lanks in advance. Plan your year, or perhaps the next nine months, into the budget to cover the initial cost.

Design your blank with a color masthead, logo, tint boxes, or page graphics, leaving the body blank to be imprinted with each new month's text and graphics. (In the old days we called this a dough-nut!) Design carefully though, your color elements must remain the same for each issue. Make arrangements well in advance so your printer can print at his convenience, and when the color you want happens to be on the press for another job. You can probably make him happy, and get a little off the job if you ask what colors are coming up soon for other jobs and make your selection from those. Don't forget - each time the printer changes colors, he has to do a wash-up.

For small circulation NLs, monthly imprints can be printed by a less complicated, less costly jiffy-print type printers - or even on your own photo-copier. It will make your job a little easier, less expensive and will provide a nicer looking newsletter as well.

Put that marketing partner in high gear by adding easy, low-cost color!

Happy publishing,

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Fred Showker is a 27-year veteran of the publishing and graphic arts industry, author and speaker. He is editor and publisher of DT&G: The Electronic Journal of Design, Type & Graphics, the design and publishing industry's longest running online magazine. The Design & Publishing Center hosts Photoshop Tips & Tricks, WebDesign & Review, The Designers Bookshelf and departments for the four areas of the graphic arts fields.

DT&G Magazine ('97 APEX Grand Award Winner)
The User Group Network News Service
http://www.user-groups.com/
Now serving 165,000 readers per month!

WHOLESALE - SOME PRICING CONSIDERATIONS

Your ideal goal here would be to set your price at 2x your Total Cost. But, you will more often have to settle for a lot less mark-up. The compensating factor here is that when selling wholesale, you are selling in larger volumes than when selling retail. The larger volumes should help you reduce the costs of your parts, since you can buy those in volume. It should also result in a lot more cash flowing through your bank accounts. While you don't measure cash flow in actual dollar amounts and profits, cash flow definitely has a value because it enables your business to keep operating smoothly, and with less fits and starts.

The minimum return you should settle for with wholesale is the ability to price your items at 1.25x your Total Cost. If any less, you need to rethink your product or your marketing strategy.

A reasonable return you should aim for with wholesale is 1.5x your Total Cost.

Again, your ideal goal would be 2.0x your Total Cost. [If you are only wholesaling a few pieces at a time, then 2.0x might be your minimum acceptable amount.

CONSIGNMENT: SOME PRICING CONSIDERATIONS

Many artists and craftspersons are dependent on consignment sales, since many of the retail outlets for these types of products must share the isk of sales with the artist. That is, the retail outlet cannot afford to buy the pieces outright. They can only afford to create a retail environment conducive for the sale of crafts and artwork.

Thus, the retailer, in consignment, basically agrees to accept a little less of a profit from the sale of any item. The artist/craftsperson also agrees to accept a little less money.

Typically, the retailer and artist/craftsperson might negotiate an item's price based on what they think someone will pay for it. Then they will agree how to split the money. A very common split is 60% of the sales price goes to the retailer, and 40% goes to the artist/craftsperson. Also common is 70% retailer/30% artist craftsperson. Less common is 50/50, 40/60 or 80/20.

Now the artist/craftsperson has to determine if the return is sufficient to result in a profit. If the decided-upon price for an item was $10.00, and the negotiated split was 60/40, the artist would expect $4.00 from its sale. This $4.00 would have to cover the cost of the parts, the general overhead costs, and hopefully some or all of the artist's labor, as well as some extra money to reinvest in the business.

Suppose the item was a pair of earrings, the cost of the parts was $1.00, the cost of labor $2.50, and overhead .88. The cost to the artist would be $4.38 -- .38 more in cost then in return. The artist could decide to take less for his or her labor. Or, the artist could renegotiate with the retailer to set a higher price for the item. The retailer would evaluate whether the item could sell at a higher price, or would sit around gathering dust, thus costing the retailing overhead costs, that could otherwise be offset with a better, faster selling item. [Retailers need to urn merchandise around at least 2x, and ideally 3x each year. That is, each square foot of selling space must generate a certain number of dollars each year to enable the retailer to pay the rent and other overhead costs generated by that square foot of selling space. If the retailer is resistant to raising the price, and the return is insufficient to cover the artist's costs, then the artist needs to re-evaluate the product or the location for selling that product.

One of the greatest thrills of all time is when someone pays real money for something you have designed and created.

The first question pops up: Can I make some serious money making jewelry?

Why not? With smart planning, strategizing and marketing, you should even be able to make a living from your creative impulses.

Some advice:

First, buy your parts cheaply.
Limit your inventory at first. Buy a few parts in large quantities.

The more expensive your parts, the harder it will be to mark up your finished product in order to make a profit.

If you try to design your business so that you can meet every contingency -- that is, respond to every request or market niche -- you'll end up buying a lot of different parts to have breadth, rather than depth, of inventory. This will cost you. Each part will have to be bought in smaller quantities, and thus will be more expensive.

If, instead, you concentrate on replicating a limited number of designs, (perhaps varying certain design-features rather than coming up with completely new and different designs), you'll be able to buy parts in larger quantities, making them less expensive.

[As your business develops and matures, your goals will change, and you will seek greater breadth -- but this is a subject for another article.

Second, know your market.
Who are your customers?

What will your customers be willing to pay, say, for a pair of earrings?

Where are your customers located? How will they get to you, or you to them?

What will it cost you to link up to your target market? - travel, displays, packaging, timing

You don't want to make a $100.00 beaded watch band if your most likely target market customer will only be willing to pay $20.00 for it.

Third, know your competition.
Check out similar merchandise in stores, flea markets and other places that sell jewelry like yours, and that target customers like the ones you want to target. How have they priced similar merchandise?

Fourth, mark up and price your products so that you will make a sufficient profit.

Sufficiency means that (a) you can buy replacement parts, (b) you can pay your overhead costs, (c) you can pay yourself, and (d) you can reinvest 5-10% of your earnings back into your business, such as expanding your inventory, or buying display fixtures and the like.

Remember, it's always easier to lower a price, than raise a price. Customers smile at lower prices, but frown on raised prices.

Some Formulas To Help You Price Your Pieces

You need to write down this information:

1) Cost of All Parts

Use your ypical costs. If you got a good buy on some parts, don't use the discounted cost, unless this is going to become your ypical cost.

2) Cost of your Labor

Figure out what you would expect to make per hour if someone were paying you a salary. $10.00/hour is reasonable for a beginner. Determine on average, how many hours it takes to make the piece. Figure out the hours to the nearest quarter of an hour. That is, if you took 1 hour 6 minutes to make a piece, consider that 1 1/4 hours. The number of hours times the hourly rate is your cost of labor.

3) Overhead costs (rent, electricity, consumable supplies, cost of travel to acquire your supplies, and the like).

Assume your overhead costs equal an additional 25% of the total cost of parts plus the cost of labor.

Now, compute your TOTAL COST:

TOTAL COST = Cost of All Parts + Overhead + Labor

It's always difficult to recoup your labor, that is, the amount of time you put into making a product. You usually have to discount your labor. Thus,

TOTAL MINIMUM COST = Cost of All Parts + Overhead + (Labor * 0.0)
TOTAL MAXIMUM COST = (Cost of All Parts + Overhead) * (1.5)

(1.5 is a labor cost adjustment factor)

If your parts costs $10.00 and labor cost $2.00, your overhead would cost an additional $3.00.

Your TOTAL MINIMUM COST (where you have charged nothing for your labor) would then be $13.00.

Your TOTAL MAXIMUM COST (where you have charged the maximum amount for your labor) would be $19.50.

Now you have to translate your cost into a price.

For jewelry, you want to price your items at least 2 times your Total Cost, and preferably 2.5 to 3.0 times your Total Cost. Too many people underprice their products.

Don't be afraid to adequately price your products. Jewelry is typically marked up higher than other goods. There are many reasons for this. The cost of getting and maintaining an inventory of parts is high; you can't buy just 1 bead at a time as needed. Jewelry fashions change every 3-4 months, often radically, leaving you with some unsaleable stock.

In our example above, if your product cost:

$13.00 (Total Minimum Cost), it would be priced between $26.00 (2*cost) and $39.00 (3*cost)

$19.50 (Total Maximum Cost), it would be priced between $39.00 (2*cost) and $58.50 (3*cost)

Sit back and evaluate your situation. If you feel your target market won't pay at least, in this example, $26.00 for the finished product, you need to rethink. Either reduce your costs or redesign the product.

YOUR PROFITS: Assuming your cost was $13.00 plus $2.00 labor, or $15.00, and you sold your item for $26.00, your profit would be $9.00. You would want to set aside between 25% and 50% of this profit for einvestment into your business. Thus, after you paid your labor ($2.00), bought replacement parts ($10.00), and paid all your associated overhead ($3.00), you would put between $2.25 and $4.50 towards purchasing additional things for your business, and the remainder in your business bank account.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
LAND OF ODDS - The South's Most Unusual Shop
150 Second Avenue North, Ste. 110, Nashville, TN 37201
PHONE: 615/254-4341, 726-1665
FAX: 615/254-4341
http://www.landofodds.com
oddsian@landofodds.com

WHOLESALE - SOME PRICING CONSIDERATIONS

Your ideal goal here would be to set your price at 2x your Total Cost. But, you will more often have to settle for a lot less mark-up. The compensating factor here is that when selling wholesale, you are selling in larger volumes than when selling retail. The larger volumes should help you reduce the costs of your parts, since you can buy those in volume. It should also result in a lot more cash flowing through your bank accounts. While you don't measure cash flow in actual dollar amounts and profits, cash flow definitely has a value because it enables your business to keep operating smoothly, and with less fits and starts.

The minimum return you should settle for with wholesale is the ability to price your items at 1.25x your Total Cost. If any less, you need to rethink your product or your marketing strategy.

A reasonable return you should aim for with wholesale is 1.5x your Total Cost.

Again, your ideal goal would be 2.0x your Total Cost. [If you are only wholesaling a few pieces at a time, then 2.0x might be your minimum acceptable amount.

CONSIGNMENT: SOME PRICING CONSIDERATIONS

Many artists and craftspersons are dependent on consignment sales, since many of the retail outlets for these types of products must share the isk of sales with the artist. That is, the retail outlet cannot afford to buy the pieces outright. They can only afford to create a retail environment conducive for the sale of crafts and artwork.

Thus, the retailer, in consignment, basically agrees to accept a little less of a profit from the sale of any item. The artist/craftsperson also agrees to accept a little less money.

Typically, the retailer and artist/craftsperson might negotiate an item's price based on what they think someone will pay for it. Then they will agree how to split the money. A very common split is 60% of the sales price goes to the retailer, and 40% goes to the artist/craftsperson. Also common is 70% retailer/30% artist craftsperson. Less common is 50/50, 40/60 or 80/20.

Now the artist/craftsperson has to determine if the return is sufficient to result in a profit. If the decided-upon price for an item was $10.00, and the negotiated split was 60/40, the artist would expect $4.00 from its sale. This $4.00 would have to cover the cost of the parts, the general overhead costs, and hopefully some or all of the artist's labor, as well as some extra money to reinvest in the business.

Suppose the item was a pair of earrings, the cost of the parts was $1.00, the cost of labor $2.50, and overhead .88. The cost to the artist would be $4.38 -- .38 more in cost then in return. The artist could decide to take less for his or her labor. Or, the artist could renegotiate with the retailer to set a higher price for the item. The retailer would evaluate whether the item could sell at a higher price, or would sit around gathering dust, thus costing the retailing overhead costs, that could otherwise be offset with a better, faster selling item. [Retailers need to urn merchandise around at least 2x, and ideally 3x each year. That is, each square foot of selling space must generate a certain number of dollars each year to enable the retailer to pay the rent and other overhead costs generated by that square foot of selling space. If the retailer is resistant to raising the price, and the return is insufficient to cover the artist's costs, then the artist needs to re-evaluate the product or the location for selling that product.

One of the greatest thrills of all time is when someone pays real money for something you have designed and created.

The first question pops up: Can I make some serious money making jewelry?

Why not? With smart planning, strategizing and marketing, you should even be able to make a living from your creative impulses.

Some advice:

First, buy your parts cheaply.
Limit your inventory at first. Buy a few parts in large quantities.

The more expensive your parts, the harder it will be to mark up your finished product in order to make a profit.

If you try to design your business so that you can meet every contingency -- that is, respond to every request or market niche -- you'll end up buying a lot of different parts to have breadth, rather than depth, of inventory. This will cost you. Each part will have to be bought in smaller quantities, and thus will be more expensive.

If, instead, you concentrate on replicating a limited number of designs, (perhaps varying certain design-features rather than coming up with completely new and different designs), you'll be able to buy parts in larger quantities, making them less expensive.

[As your business develops and matures, your goals will change, and you will seek greater breadth -- but this is a subject for another article.

Second, know your market.
Who are your customers?

What will your customers be willing to pay, say, for a pair of earrings?

Where are your customers located? How will they get to you, or you to them?

What will it cost you to link up to your target market? - travel, displays, packaging, timing

You don't want to make a $100.00 beaded watch band if your most likely target market customer will only be willing to pay $20.00 for it.

Third, know your competition.
Check out similar merchandise in stores, flea markets and other places that sell jewelry like yours, and that target customers like the ones you want to target. How have they priced similar merchandise?

Fourth, mark up and price your products so that you will make a sufficient profit.

Sufficiency means that (a) you can buy replacement parts, (b) you can pay your overhead costs, (c) you can pay yourself, and (d) you can reinvest 5-10% of your earnings back into your business, such as expanding your inventory, or buying display fixtures and the like.

Remember, it's always easier to lower a price, than raise a price. Customers smile at lower prices, but frown on raised prices.

Some Formulas To Help You Price Your Pieces

You need to write down this information:

1) Cost of All Parts

Use your ypical costs. If you got a good buy on some parts, don't use the discounted cost, unless this is going to become your ypical cost.

2) Cost of your Labor

Figure out what you would expect to make per hour if someone were paying you a salary. $10.00/hour is reasonable for a beginner. Determine on average, how many hours it takes to make the piece. Figure out the hours to the nearest quarter of an hour. That is, if you took 1 hour 6 minutes to make a piece, consider that 1 1/4 hours. The number of hours times the hourly rate is your cost of labor.

3) Overhead costs (rent, electricity, consumable supplies, cost of travel to acquire your supplies, and the like).

Assume your overhead costs equal an additional 25% of the total cost of parts plus the cost of labor.

Now, compute your TOTAL COST:

TOTAL COST = Cost of All Parts + Overhead + Labor

It's always difficult to recoup your labor, that is, the amount of time you put into making a product. You usually have to discount your labor. Thus,

TOTAL MINIMUM COST = Cost of All Parts + Overhead + (Labor * 0.0)
TOTAL MAXIMUM COST = (Cost of All Parts + Overhead) * (1.5)

(1.5 is a labor cost adjustment factor)

If your parts costs $10.00 and labor cost $2.00, your overhead would cost an additional $3.00.

Your TOTAL MINIMUM COST (where you have charged nothing for your labor) would then be $13.00.

Your TOTAL MAXIMUM COST (where you have charged the maximum amount for your labor) would be $19.50.

Now you have to translate your cost into a price.

For jewelry, you want to price your items at least 2 times your Total Cost, and preferably 2.5 to 3.0 times your Total Cost. Too many people underprice their products.

Don't be afraid to adequately price your products. Jewelry is typically marked up higher than other goods. There are many reasons for this. The cost of getting and maintaining an inventory of parts is high; you can't buy just 1 bead at a time as needed. Jewelry fashions change every 3-4 months, often radically, leaving you with some unsaleable stock.

In our example above, if your product cost:

$13.00 (Total Minimum Cost), it would be priced between $26.00 (2*cost) and $39.00 (3*cost)

$19.50 (Total Maximum Cost), it would be priced between $39.00 (2*cost) and $58.50 (3*cost)

Sit back and evaluate your situation. If you feel your target market won't pay at least, in this example, $26.00 for the finished product, you need to rethink. Either reduce your costs or redesign the product.

YOUR PROFITS: Assuming your cost was $13.00 plus $2.00 labor, or $15.00, and you sold your item for $26.00, your profit would be $9.00. You would want to set aside between 25% and 50% of this profit for einvestment into your business. Thus, after you paid your labor ($2.00), bought replacement parts ($10.00), and paid all your associated overhead ($3.00), you would put between $2.25 and $4.50 towards purchasing additional things for your business, and the remainder in your business bank account.

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LAND OF ODDS - The South's Most Unusual Shop
150 Second Avenue North, Ste. 110, Nashville, TN 37201
PHONE: 615/254-4341, 726-1665
FAX: 615/254-4341
http://www.landofodds.com
oddsian@landofodds.com

In much the same way that a resume displays your work experience to a prospective employer, a credit report provides prospective creditors (and in some cases employers and insurers too) with a detailed picture of your credit history. And like a resume, your credit report can influence whether you will receive what you are applying for.

Ideally, your credit report is an accurate, up-to-date reflection of your credit history. However, since we don't live in an ideal world, there are many reasons that your credit report could contain inaccuracies that might prevent you from receiving the credit you deserve. The good news is you can take action to keep your report accurate. Here are the top five reasons why you should make a practice of regularly reviewing your credit report:

Inaccuracies & Mixed Credit Files

Many inaccuracies on a credit report can be the result of simple human error, and are therefore are not difficult to dispute. Of course, if you don't order your credit report, you might never know about it. Whether the inaccuracies relate to payments not credited, late payments, or data mixed in from the credit file of someone else with a name similar to yours, you will want to contact the credit bureau to dispute inaccurate information promptly. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now, click here.

Tracking Payments

One of the most important elements of credit is a demonstrated history of on time payments. Once you send the check though, anything can happen--a delay in the payment being received can kick you over to a 30-day delinquency. If you call your creditor and explain the situation, they might adjust the information. Of course, if you don't read your credit report, you won't necessarily know which payments are being received and reported properly. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now,click here.

Identity Theft

This issue alone is reason to order your credit report immediately. Identity theft is an insidious crime, involving a thief who assumes your name to open new accounts, divert your card statements to another address, and run up all sorts of bad debt without you ever knowing about it until collectors come calling. Over time, identity theft could jeopardize your ability to obtain further credit. The best way to catch a thief who is using your name is by getting a copy of your credit report, which will show you if there are accounts listed you know you haven't opened. For example, if a thief has intercepted a pre-approved credit card offer in your name and sent it in with a change of address, your credit report will include the account. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now, click here.

Inquiries

If you're shopping around for a loan or more credit, you should know that when creditors check your credit, it places an inquiry on your credit report. Inquiries can add up, which is often interpreted as a negative by creditors. For this reason, too many inquiries can actually make getting credit more difficult. Moreover, if you didn't authorize someone to look at your credit report and they did, they may have broken the law. If you would like to see who's been looking at your credit, click hereto get a free copy of your credit report right now.

Credit Fraud--Unauthorized Charges

Credit fraud involves the theft of your credit card or account number to make unauthorized charges to your account. Though consumers are protected financially from this abuse, other creditors may take note of all this activity and decide to raise your interest rates or refuse to grant you a loan. Ordering your credit report will help you catch new activity on accounts that you haven't been using, or may have closed. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now,click here.

When it comes to managing your credit worthiness, your credit report is your best resource. Ordering your credit report gives you the opportunity to manage your credit wisely today, while planning your credit strategy for achieving future goals--a credit-savvy move every consumer should make! click hereto get your credit report right now, for free!

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Reprint permission for any medium is granted only if all information below this notice, including the WWIO web site link and authors biography are included as written.

In much the same way that a resume displays your work experience to a prospective employer, a credit report provides prospective creditors (and in some cases employers and insurers too) with a detailed picture of your credit history. And like a resume, your credit report can influence whether you will receive what you are applying for.

Ideally, your credit report is an accurate, up-to-date reflection of your credit history. However, since we don't live in an ideal world, there are many reasons that your credit report could contain inaccuracies that might prevent you from receiving the credit you deserve. The good news is you can take action to keep your report accurate. Here are the top five reasons why you should make a practice of regularly reviewing your credit report:

Inaccuracies & Mixed Credit Files

Many inaccuracies on a credit report can be the result of simple human error, and are therefore are not difficult to dispute. Of course, if you don't order your credit report, you might never know about it. Whether the inaccuracies relate to payments not credited, late payments, or data mixed in from the credit file of someone else with a name similar to yours, you will want to contact the credit bureau to dispute inaccurate information promptly. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now, click here.

Tracking Payments

One of the most important elements of credit is a demonstrated history of on time payments. Once you send the check though, anything can happen--a delay in the payment being received can kick you over to a 30-day delinquency. If you call your creditor and explain the situation, they might adjust the information. Of course, if you don't read your credit report, you won't necessarily know which payments are being received and reported properly. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now,click here.

Identity Theft

This issue alone is reason to order your credit report immediately. Identity theft is an insidious crime, involving a thief who assumes your name to open new accounts, divert your card statements to another address, and run up all sorts of bad debt without you ever knowing about it until collectors come calling. Over time, identity theft could jeopardize your ability to obtain further credit. The best way to catch a thief who is using your name is by getting a copy of your credit report, which will show you if there are accounts listed you know you haven't opened. For example, if a thief has intercepted a pre-approved credit card offer in your name and sent it in with a change of address, your credit report will include the account. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now, click here.

Inquiries

If you're shopping around for a loan or more credit, you should know that when creditors check your credit, it places an inquiry on your credit report. Inquiries can add up, which is often interpreted as a negative by creditors. For this reason, too many inquiries can actually make getting credit more difficult. Moreover, if you didn't authorize someone to look at your credit report and they did, they may have broken the law. If you would like to see who's been looking at your credit, click hereto get a free copy of your credit report right now.

Credit Fraud--Unauthorized Charges

Credit fraud involves the theft of your credit card or account number to make unauthorized charges to your account. Though consumers are protected financially from this abuse, other creditors may take note of all this activity and decide to raise your interest rates or refuse to grant you a loan. Ordering your credit report will help you catch new activity on accounts that you haven't been using, or may have closed. If you would like to get a free copy of your credit report right now,click here.

When it comes to managing your credit worthiness, your credit report is your best resource. Ordering your credit report gives you the opportunity to manage your credit wisely today, while planning your credit strategy for achieving future goals--a credit-savvy move every consumer should make! click hereto get your credit report right now, for free!

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Reprint permission for any medium is granted only if all information below this notice, including the WWIO web site link and authors biography are included as written.

I, (1), of (2), hereby appoint (3) of (4), as my attorney in fact to act in my capacity to do any and all of the following: (DESCRIBE THE EXTENT OF AUTHORITY YOU ARE GIVING TO YOUR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT) The rights, powers, and authority of my attorney in fact to exercise any and all of the rights and powers herein granted shall commence and be in full force and effect on (5), 19(6), and shall remain in full force and effect until (7) or unless specifically extended or rescinded earlier by either party. Dated (8), 19(9). SIGNED (10) STATE OF (11) COUNTY OF (12) BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, on this (13) day of (14), 19(15), personally appeared (16) to me well known to be the person described in and who signed the Foregoing, and acknowledged to me that he executed the same freely and voluntarily for the uses and purposes therein expressed. WITNESS my hand and official seal the date aforesaid. (17) NOTARY PUBLIC My Commission Expires:(18) 1. Your full name
2. County or city in which you reside
3. Full name of person you appoint
4. County or city in which they reside
5. Day and month this becomes effective
6. Year this becomes effective
7. Last day, month and year this is effective
8. Day and month in which you signed it
9. The year in which you signed it
  10. Your full signature
11. The state in which you reside
12. The county in which you reside
FILLED OUT BY NOTARY PUBLIC 13. Day you signed the form
14. Month you signed the form
15. Year you signed the form
16. Your full name
17. Notary Public signature
18. Notary Public commission expiration date
NOTICE

The information in this document is designed to provide an outline that you can follow when formulating business or personal plans. Due to the variances of many local, city, county and state laws, we recommend that you seek professional legal counseling before entering into any contract or agreement.

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I, (1), of (2), hereby appoint (3) of (4), as my attorney in fact to act in my capacity to do any and all of the following: (DESCRIBE THE EXTENT OF AUTHORITY YOU ARE GIVING TO YOUR ATTORNEY-IN-FACT) The rights, powers, and authority of my attorney in fact to exercise any and all of the rights and powers herein granted shall commence and be in full force and effect on (5), 19(6), and shall remain in full force and effect until (7) or unless specifically extended or rescinded earlier by either party. Dated (8), 19(9). SIGNED (10) STATE OF (11) COUNTY OF (12) BEFORE ME, the undersigned authority, on this (13) day of (14), 19(15), personally appeared (16) to me well known to be the person described in and who signed the Foregoing, and acknowledged to me that he executed the same freely and voluntarily for the uses and purposes therein expressed. WITNESS my hand and official seal the date aforesaid. (17) NOTARY PUBLIC My Commission Expires:(18) 1. Your full name
2. County or city in which you reside
3. Full name of person you appoint
4. County or city in which they reside
5. Day and month this becomes effective
6. Year this becomes effective
7. Last day, month and year this is effective
8. Day and month in which you signed it
9. The year in which you signed it
  10. Your full signature
11. The state in which you reside
12. The county in which you reside
FILLED OUT BY NOTARY PUBLIC 13. Day you signed the form
14. Month you signed the form
15. Year you signed the form
16. Your full name
17. Notary Public signature
18. Notary Public commission expiration date
NOTICE

The information in this document is designed to provide an outline that you can follow when formulating business or personal plans. Due to the variances of many local, city, county and state laws, we recommend that you seek professional legal counseling before entering into any contract or agreement.

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Reprint permission for any medium is granted only if all information below this notice, including the WWIO web site link and authors biography are included as written.

You can, if you are ambitious, start a Mail Order Business selling collectibles to hobbyists. To begin, you must first find a hobby that appeals to you. Next, you must spend several weeks researching that hobby. You must learn what collectors want and how much they are willing to pay for it. You should also know what other dealers are willing to pay for the merchandise which they sell. And you must be willing to pay the same amounts.

Perhaps you already know exactly what you want to sell. If you have been collecting old Valentines, then start a Mail Order business buying and selling old Valentines. Or stamps. Or comic books. The first rule of Mail Order Selling is to sell what you yourself would buy.

To give you an idea of what collectors buy and sell by mail, here is a partial list of today's collectibles!

Phonograph Records
Cigar Labels
License Plates
Beer Labels
Circus Posters
Music Boxes
Salt/Pepper Shakers
Greeting Cards
Old Pencils
Atlases
Military Medals
Sheet Music
Doll Clothes
Gems, Minerals
Belt Buckles
Airplane Photos
FBI Posters
Automobile Manuals
Antique Barbed Wire
Old Jewelry
Street Car Tokens
Fruit Jar Labels
Old Magazines
Gun Catalogs
Paper Currency
Cartoon Books
Theater Programs
Political Buttons
Baseball Cards
Children's Books
Stock Certificates
Indian Relics
Railroad Books
Fishing Licenses
Cigar Boxes
Comic Books
Old Calendars
Postcards
Arrowheads
Railroad Passes
Boat Photographs
Advertising Cards
Dog Pictures
Movie Magazines
Autographs
Dolls
Hunting Licenses
Valentines
Cookbooks
Beatles Items
Stamps
Old Toys
Menus
Maps
Thimbles
Train Photos
Newspapers
Diaries
Coins
Buttons

I would like to suggest that you send for sample copies of two magazines. They are read avidly by hobby dealers and hobby collectors alike:

THE ANTIQUE TRADER WEEKLY
Box 1050
Dubuque, IA 52001
THE COLLECTORS NEWS
Box 156
Grundy Center, IA 50638

Each of these publications contain around 70 or 80 pages of ads from dealers and collectors. Almost every hobby publication, large or small, if listed within its pages.

Once you have selected your field, start a file. Keep copies of all the ads selling your kind of merchandise. Also keep ads showing the dealers buying prices. If price lists are offered in ads, send for them and STUDY them. MAKE YOURSELF AN EXPERT IN YOUR FIELD.

Try to locate any publication that deals with your field. Often, you can locate small mimeographed publications and newsletters which will give you all kinds of useful information.

Your next step is to look for merchandise in your own community. Here are some suggestions:

Start by attending flea markets and antique shows. Don't be afraid to make inquiries of dealers. They often have what they consider junk stashed away, assuming that it isn't of much value to anyone. I once discovered a fabulous stamp collection that way!

Browse around through Thrift Shops.

Study the garage sale ads in your local newspaper. Visit any that sound promising. (Sometimes, it pays to telephone, they may be able to direct you to others who have exactly what you need!)

Place Wanted to Buy ads in your local Swapper's News, or your local newspaper. Be sure to list your phone number.

It is amazing what you can find in your local community if you work at it. However, if you can't find enough merchandise locally, run ads in the Collector's Magazines listed above. Their rates are very, very low. And you will soon discover that they are widely read!

Once you have accumulated a decent stock of merchandise, you are ready to begin selling it. If there are publications specializing in your field, by all means advertise there. You have a ready-made audience! Also run ads in the big hobby magazines.

Type up a list of what you have and have an Instant Printer make a hundred or so copies for you. Hobbyists don't mind typewritten, laser printer, or xerox copies - it's half the fun of collecting. Then run your ad. Your ad can merely offer your list to interested collectors free (or for a SASE, to weed out coupon clippers). Or you can offer to make a sale straight from the ad. If you do the latter, stick in your price list with the merchandise. It will be read...eagerly!

Here are a few sample ads run by hobby dealers for your consideration:

• Railroad Timetables, 1940's
  Four Different - $4.00 postpaid.
• Old Children's Books and Texts.
  #10 SASE for List.
• 85,000 Comic Books, Movie Magazines,
  Funnies, etc., 1900-1957. Catalog
  $1.00 (Refundable).
• Original Movie Posters, Pressbooks,
  Stills, 1919-1975. Catalog - $.50
• Sleigh Bells! SASE for list.

Just in case you are not familiar with the phrase, SASE means Self-addressed, stamped envelope. As you progress, you will learn continually. Most hobby dealers will tell you that they learn more from the collectors who buy from them than they could ever learn from any other source.

Below are some other hobby publications that may interest you. (At the time this article was written, these publicationswere available. However, we cannot guarantee that they are still in publication. There are several things you can do beforesending a letter or money to them. You can check your local library in the Index of Periodicals or a local book store may beable to verify current addresses for them. Good luck). You can write to these publications and request a sample copy. However, it would be a good idea to include postage when requesting copies from the publisher.

HOBBIES
1006 S. MICHIGAN AVE.
CHICAGO, IL 60605

THE AUTOGRAPH NEWS
7540 S. MEMORIAL PARKWAY
HUNTSVILLE, AL 35802

WESTERN STAMP COLLECTOR
BOX 10
ALBANY, OR 97321

COIN & STAMP TRADING NEWS
BOX 11101
SANTA ROSA, CA 95406

STAMPS MAGAZINE
153 WAVERLY PLACE
NEW YORK, NY 10014

LYNN'S WEEKLY STAMP NEWS
BOX 29
SIDNEY, OH 45365

DOLL CASTLE NEWS
BRASS CASTLE
WASHINGTON, NJ 07882

JESSIE'S HOMEMAKER
731 BLUE BELL STREET
FT. COLLINS, CO 80521

CANADIAN HOBBY SHOPPER
BOX 3382 - HALIFAX SOUTH, NS
CANADA B3J 3J1

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IN-HOUSE SOURCES

Before you think about a list of prospective customer names, you should first create a database for current customers' names and develop a mailing list. (Remember, your current customers are most likely to respond to your future offers.)

Finding the data to include on the customer portion of your mailing list can be fairly straightforward if you have your own in-house records. But even then you may have to develop more sources to obtain additional data about your customers.

Here are some of the in-house records you can use to develop your customer database:

Sales Receipts/Invoices/Order Forms:

These documents can give you the following information: date of last purchase, dates of all purchases over a period of time, and amount of money spent with you. You may also be able to determine what products/services were ordered from you. When using invoices to compile your customer list, be aware that in businesses they may be addressed to the Accounting Department rather than the individual/title most likely to purchase from you.

Especially if your customers are businesses, they may use two addresses. One is the Ship-to address, where ordered items are sent. The other is the Bill-to or Mail-to address, where invoices and catalogs are sent. Make sure you're using the correct address every time you correspond with the customer.

Shipping Records:

Shipping records can be an important source of customer names, particularly if your product is sold through a dealer or distributor, and you don't have direct access to customer order forms. Again, be aware that some customers may have different billing and shipping addresses.

Membership Lists:

Every organization is sure to have a list of its members. If your organization has several membership categories, this information should be associated with the member name when you add it to your list.

Registration Forms:

If your organization does not maintain a membership list, you may still be able to identify your customers from the registration forms and sign in sheets you use at your events. One approach to collecting names is to ask attendees to add their names to your mailing list.

Contest Entries:

The entry forms for a sweepstakes, contest, or raffle can be used effectively to get the names of your customer. This approach might be most useful if your organization lacks customer records because you provide your product or service free of charge.

OTHER SOURCES

Sometimes, your own records don't hold enough information about your customers or members. You may have to rely on other sources to capture additional database information:

Warranty Cards:

Warranty cards included in packages of merchandise can be an effective way to gather information about customers. On the card, you can request that the customer complete the demographic information and return it when he/she registers the product.

Surveys:

Phone or mail surveys are another way to gather (and later update) information on your customer database.

Phone surveys can be used in a number of different ways to collect database information. For example, you can call customers and administer full questionnaires to gather complete information about them. This can be a very costly way to collect data - especially for a large number of customer. Mail surveys (which will be discussed later) may be a better technique for this type of database information collection.

Phone surveys are useful if you are updating or adding single fields to your database. You may avoid the phone cost altogether by asking a few short questions each time a customer calls in - to place an order, get a price quote, etc.

Mail questionnaires can reach a larger number of customer at a lower cost than phone surveys. Mail questionnaires can be sent individually to customers. However, to save postage costs, surveys can also be inserted in mailings, included in packages of merchandise, or printed on any other correspondence with customers, such as invoices.

If you have a store or office, you can also conduct surveys by having customers fill out questionnaire cards when they visit.

Other sources you can use to build your list include:

• point of purchase questionnaires.
  
  
• membership application forms.
  
  
• questions on purchase orders, statements, invoices.
  
  

Your customer names are the core of your mailing list. This report has described some sources for collecting database information on current customers. You should consider every contact with a customer a potential source for collecting such information.

After you collect this information, you need ways to initially get it into your database and then to regularly make sure it's current and accurate. (Out-of-date, inaccurate mailing lists waste money and reduce results.) Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
If you need an online database just email us and let us know. Database prices start at $99.

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Opps! The link you followed may be inaccurate or outdated.NoneOpps! The link you followed may be inaccurate or outdated.NoneOpps! The link you followed may be inaccurate or outdated.NoneSmokers Beware!!Dr. Robert Osgoodby

By now, most people are well aware that smoking causes lung cancer. Cigarettes, pipes, cigars, and chewing tobacco kill more than 434,000 Americans each year accounting for one out of five premature deaths in this country. Lung cancer is just the first in a long list of tobacco related illnesses:

• Bladder Cancer - Smoking causes 40% of all cases of bladder cancer.
  
  
• Breast Cancer - Women who smoke are 75% more likely to develop breast cancer.
  
  
• Cervical Cancer - Up to one third of all cases of cervical cancer are directly attributable to smoking.
  
  
• Childhood Respiratory Ailments - Children exposed to parents tobacco smoke have six times as many respiratory infections as kids of nonsmoking parents.
  
  
• Diabetes - Smoking decreases the body's absorption of insulin.
  
  
• Emphysema - Smoking accounts for up to 85% of all deaths attributable to emphysema.
  
  
• Esophageal Cancer - Smoking accounts for 80% of all cases of esophageal cancer.
  
  
• Gastrointestinal Cancer - Smoking at least doubles the risk of cancer of the stomach and duodenum.
  
  
• Heart Disease - Smokers are up to four times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease than nonsmokers.
  
  
• Infertility - Couples in which at least one member smokes are more than three times more likely to have trouble conceiving.
  
  
• Kidney Cancer - Smoking causes 40% of all cases of kidney cancer.
  
  
• Mouth Cancer - Tobacco causes the vast majority of all cancers of the mouth.
  
  
• Premature Aging - Constant exposure to tobacco smoke prematurely wrinkles the facial skin and yellows the teeth and fingernails.
  
  
• Stroke - Smoking doubles the risk of stroke among men and women.
  
  
• Throat Cancer - The vast majority of cases of pharyngeal cancer are directly related to smoking.
  
  

While smoking has officially been recognized as a cause of lung cancer, scientists have also confirmed another tobacco danger, that breathing the air containing someone else's smoke (second hand smoke) poses many of the same risk as smoking yourself.

Doctors and Scientists have been reporting on the dangers of tobacco and smoking for nearly four decades. Many serious illnesses are directly attributed to smoking. If you want to live a longer, healthier life quit smoking today!

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Dr. Osgoodby was a finalist in the EAS Body for Life Contest. Stop by his web page at http://bestbodyever.com to see his before and after pictures and subscribe to his monthly newsletter.

Get Back to BasicsDr. Robert Osgoodby

WARNING!! Always seek the advice of a Medical Doctor before starting, or making changes in your diet or exercise program.

If you want to build a strong healthy body, proper nutrition is a keystone for your success. What constitutes proper nutrition? Great question! Unfortunately for John Q. Public, the greatest challenge is not a lack of information, but too much information. If you study the experts you will find endless contradictions and false conclusions that create uncertainty, and leave most people confused and clueless. We are in an information frenzy that makes it hard to know which way to turn.

On any given day you can walk into a bookstore and find several books on the best-seller list, prescribing totally different solutions for proper nutrition. One expert tells you to cut out carbs, another tells you to eat more carbs, the next tells you to eat more protein, while another tells you to eat less protein.

With this nightmare of mixed messages, no wonder why millions of people are left in the dark on which plan to follow. This month's newsletter is dedicated to share some basic fundamental truths for optimal nutrition for decreasing body fat percentage, increasing energy and building muscle. Let's get started.

Don't Starve Yourself - This is one of the most common misconceptions and mistakes most people trying to lose weight make. If your trying to shed fat, drastically decreasing your caloric intake in an effort to lose weight or get cut is almost as destructive to achieving your goals as eating large amounts of ice cream and fried foods for every meal! Studies show this type of dieting actually decreases your basal metabolic rate, which is the last thing you want to do if you are looking to lose weight and decrease your body fat percentage. On this type of diet, most of the weight you lose is not fat - it's lean body mass. You are actually keeping your fat and burning your muscle!

Eat At Least Four Meals A Day - By eating four to six small healthy meals a day, properly spaced, you will burn fat at a faster rate. The traditional hree square meals is antiquated advice that will slow down your metabolism and increase body fat storage. Studies have shown, eating four to six small meals a day promotes optimum food absorption, stable blood-sugar levels, and increases your metabolic rate. A meal can be as simple as a serving of fruit or vegetables, a small baked potato, a cup of yogurt, or a meal replacement shake.

Monitor Your Portion Sizes - Instead of worrying about what ratio of protein, carbohydrates and fat you should be eating, concentrate on portion control. Most people's focus has been distorted by the huge emphasis placed on cutting fat intake. Fat is a necessary component in a healthy diet. The fact is, most people just eat too much. A good rule of thumb is that a portion should be no larger than your clenched fist.

Design An Eating Schedule - Most people eat when it's convenient, not on a schedule. This type of behavior slows your metabolism and sabotages your body transformation efforts. To get optimum results, you should eat four to six small meals a day, spread three to four hours apart. Your initial reaction to this principle may be there is no way this can be incorporated into your busy schedule. With a little bit of pre-planning and commitment, it can be done. You can cook up to one week's worth of food on the weekend and refrigerate and freeze it. Broil your chicken breasts, put them in a food storage bag and throw them in the refrigerator. Make a huge salad! Take your Tupperware out of storage and pack several small meals to take to work with you. Another thing you can do is make sure your cupboards and refrigerator are overflowing with quality sources of protein, carbohydrates, fruits and vegetables. This will also help you stick to the plan and not cheat during the week.

Drink 8 To 10 Glasses Of Water A Day - Believe it or not, water actually helps you control your appetite. If you find that a portion of food has not satisfied your hunger, drinking a large glass of water will help alleviate those nagging hunger pangs. The vast majority of your body is comprised of water. Water is an essential transport vehicle for an array of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. It also helps eliminate waste products in your body including uric acid, ammonia, and toxins. Another misconception is that if you are retaining water, you should decrease your water consumption. This is just not true. One of the best ways to get rid of water, is to drink more water. Just like starving yourself decreases your basal metabolic rate, water retention is another example of your body's survival mechanism.

If a golfer or football player's performance decreases, getting back to the basic fundamentals can help them regain their edge. The advice in this month's newsletter is simplistic and fundamental, but sometimes you have to go back to the basics to get back on track.

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Dr. Osgoodby was a finalist in the EAS Body for Life Contest. Stop by his web page at http://bestbodyever.com to see his before and after pictures and subscribe to his monthly newsletter.

Excuses, ExcusesDr. Robert Osgoodby

WARNING!! Always seek the advice of a Medical Doctor before starting, or making changes in your diet or exercise program.

In today's fast paced world, sometimes it can be challenging to find the time to get to the gym to workout. I am sure you have heard many people say, There just aren't enough hours in the day. The number one excuse for not training on a regular basis is not being able to find the time.

Ninety nine percent of all excuses are not valid! If you are serious about getting in shape, if it is a top priority, nothing will get in the way of you achieving your goal. If you want something bad enough, it is amazing what you will do to get it. Here are a few things you can do to eliminate the I don't have time excuse.

Get up an hour earlier, or stay up an hour later. Dedicate this extra hour of time to training and achieving your fitness goals. Fact: Most people spend more time sleeping than they need to. Eight or nine hours of sleep can be great, but by no means necessary to maintain your health and let you feel good.

Personally, I find it easier and more effective to get up an hour earlier and train first thing in the morning for two reasons. Training first thing in the morning increases your metabolism and keeps you burning calories at an increased rate throughout the day. Another great reason to train first thing is to eliminate the possibility of procrastination and blowing off a workout. By the end of the day, the last thing in the world you want to do after a long day of work and responsibility is workout. Getting your training in first thing will also increase your energy level and make you feel good about yourself. It gives you a sense of accomplishment which will help you tackle the rest of your day and insane schedule with a smile.

I am sure that at least one morning person reading this said to themselves, Get up an hour earlier, he must be out of his mind! Even if you get up half an hour earlier, this equates to three and a half hours of exercise time a week that you didn't have before. With only investing a half hour a day, you can get quick, noticeable results.

Put together a home exercise program for those days you just can't get to the gym. For about $150.00, you can buy some dumbbells, a bench, and a floor mat for abdominal training. Although you can not get as thorough a workout as you could in a health club - it's better than nothing! Herschel Walker, a pro football player, has one of the best physiques around and he has never touched a weight! His workout consists of push-ups, sit-ups, and cardiovascular exercise. You can get great results sticking to the basics. Remember, consistency and intensity are your key ingredients for success.

If money is an issue and you can't afford to buy the equipment mentioned above, all you need is a VCR. There are hundreds of great video tapes designed for toning, weight loss and fat burning. If you don't want to go to a gym, this allows you to exercise in the privacy and comfort of your own home.

All exercise video tapes are designed with music as a background. Music is a powerful tool when it comes to exercise. It lifts your spirits and increases your enthusiasm. Music also takes your mind off the clock and makes your workouts seem to go faster.

Exercise to music that you enjoy. If you like music from the 50's, 60's and 70's, Richard Simmons Sweating To The Oldies, or Cory Everson's Step In Time are great beginner level programs. If you like martial arts and self defense, purchase a tae bo tape.

If you are in decent shape, semi-coordinated and like today's dance music, you can choose from several of MTV's The Grind Workout Hip Hop Aerobics, Paula Abdul's, Get Up And Dance, Milo Levell's Hip Hop Body Shop, Kathy Smith's Latin Rhythm Workout, or Christy Lane's Funky Freestyle Dancing.

If you have two left feet like me, you will quickly be able to master Denise Austin's Xtralite Beginner's Aerobics.

All of these tapes and hundreds more are available for sale at most music and major department stores. If you want to check out a tape before you buy it, most of these video tapes can also be rented at your local video store.

Incorporating these simple principles into your daily routine will make it much easier for you to stick to the program, improve your health, and move closer to your fitness goals.

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Dr. Osgoodby was a finalist in the EAS Body for Life Contest. Stop by his web page at http://bestbodyever.com to see his before and after pictures and subscribe to his monthly newsletter.

Avoiding The Common MistakesDr. Robert Osgoodby

WARNING!! Always seek the advice of a Medical Doctor before starting, or making changes in your diet or exercise program.

On any given day, you can walk into any gym and find well-intentioned, but frustrated members. No matter what exercise program they try, they can't seem to achieve their goals. Some have gotten positive results for awhile, but have flatlined and just can't seem to get off a plateau. If you are serious enough to dedicate your valuable time to improve your health and appearance, then make it count and get the maximum return from the time you are investing. If you avoid the following common mistakes, you will have a much better chance of building the physique you desire.

Too Much Time Between Sets - Most people socialize far too much in the gym. If you want to socialize at the gym, do it after you finish your workout. Make your lips the last muscle group you train. Unless you are a powerlifter, you should never let the muscle group fully recover between sets. A good rule of thumb for minor exercises (ex. bicep curls, calf raises, tricep extensions) is 60 seconds of rest between sets. For major exercises like squats, 90-120 seconds may be necessary.

Trying To Reduce Fat In A Certain Area - I know men who do endless sit-ups to burn the fat in their abdominal area to get that six pack of abs and get rid of those love handles. I receive e-mail from women who want to get rid of unwanted fat in their legs, rear-end and arms, and think the solution is increased weight training for that particular body part. You can not spot reduce bodyfat. To get positive results, you need to reduce your bodyfat throughout your entire body. You can not pick and choose. To reach your goals you need a balanced program of weight training, proper diet and cardiovascular exercise. As you decrease your overall bodyfat percentage, your problem areas will improve.

To Gain Size And Muscularity, You Must Stick With Free Weights - This is a common misconception. Barbells and dumbbells are a staple for increasing muscularity, but by all means complement them with machines. Machines and cable exercises allow you to specifically concentrate on certain areas of a muscle group, and significantly decrease your risk of injury.

Rushing Through A Set - A classic example that comes to mind is the young novice trying to show off on the bench press. With no form, rhyme or reason, he bounces the weight off his chest fast and furiously. Other than increasing your chances of injury, this serves no purpose. By slowing down the pace and concentrating on muscle contraction and form, you will get the maximum return from your weight training and significantly decrease your chances of injury.

Doing The Same Old Routine - One of the main reasons people plateau is they do not shake things up a little. By doing the same thing day after day, your muscles adapt to the routine and you will stop making gains. Mix things up by adding in new exercises, switching exercise order, and varying the amount of weight and the number of repetitions in a set. Changing your routine will shock your muscle groups and help prevent stagnation.

More Is Better - For a large muscle group like your chest, you may do 12 sets to muscle failure. If you train your triceps after chest, they are already pre-fatigued from your chest exercises. All you really need is 6-9 sets to properly finish off your triceps. Two or three exercises, three sets each is plenty. Anything more is over training which increases your chances of injury and slows your progress.

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Dr. Osgoodby was a finalist in the EAS Body for Life Contest. Stop by his web page at http://bestbodyever.com to see his before and after pictures and subscribe to his monthly newsletter.

Most smokers sincerely want to quit. They know cigarettes threaten their health, set a bad example for their children, annoy their acquaintances and cost an inordinate amount of money.

Nobody can force a smoker to quit. It's something each person has to decide for himself/herself, and will require a personal commitment by the smoker. What kind of smoker are you? What do you get out of smoking? What does it do for you? It is important to identify what you use smoking for and what kind of satisfaction you feel that you are getting from smoking.

Many smokers use the cigarette as a kind of crutch in moments of stress or discomfort, and on occasion it may work; the cigarette is sometimes used as a tranquilizer. But the heavy smoker, the person who tries to handle severe personal problems by smoking heavily all day long, is apt to discover that cigarettes do not help him/her deal with his/her problems effectively.

When it comes to quitting, this kind of smoker may find it easy to stop when everything is going well, but may be tempted to start again in a time of crisis. Physical exertion, eating, drinking, or social activity in moderation may serve as useful substitutes for cigarettes, even in times of tension. The choice of a substitute depends on what will achieve the same effects without having any appreciable risk.

Once a smoker understands his/her own smoking behavior, he will be able to cope more successfully and select the best quitting approaches for himself/herself and the type of life-style he leads.

Because smoking is a form of addiction, 80 percent of smoker who quit usually experience some withdrawal symptoms. These may include headache, light-headedness, nausea, diarrhea, and chest pains. Psychological symptoms, such as anxiety, short-term depression, and inability to concentrate, may also appear. The main psychological symptom is increased irritability. People become so irritable, in fact, that they say they feel like killing somebody. Yet there is no evidence that quitting smoking leads to physical violence.

Some people seem to lose all their energy and drive, wanting only to sleep. Others react in exactly the opposite way, becoming so over energized they can't find enough activity to burn off their excess energy. For instance, one woman said she cleaned out all her closets completely and was ready to go next door to start on her neighbor's. Both these extremes, however, eventually level off. The symptoms may be intense for two or three days, but within 10 to 14 days after quitting, most subside. The truth is that after people quit smoking, they have more energy, they generally will need less sleep, and feel better about themselves.

Quitting smoking not only extends the ex-smoker's life, but adds new happiness and meaning to one's current life. Most smokers state that immediately after they quit smoking, they start noticing dramatic differences in their overall health and vitality.

Quitting is beneficial at any age, no matter how long a person has been smoking. The mortality ratio of ex-smoker decreases after quitting. If the patient quits before a serious disease has developed, his/her body may eventually be able to restore itself almost completely.

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When someone is injured or suddenly becomes ill, there is usually a critical period before you can get medical treatment and it is this period that is of the utmost importance to the victim. What you do, or what you don't do, in that interval can mean the difference between life and death. You owe it to yourself, your family and your neighbors to know and to understand procedures that you can apply quickly and intelligently in an emergency.

Every household should have some type of first aid kit, and if you do not already have one, assemble your supplies now. Tailor the contents to fit your family's particular needs. Don't add first aid supplies to the jumble of toothpaste and cosmetics in the medicine cabinet. Instead, assenble them in a suitable, labeled box (such as a fishing tackle box or small tool chest with hinged cover), so that everything will be handy when needed. Label everything in the kit clearly, and indicate what it is used for.

Be sure not to lock the box - otherwise you may be hunting for the key when that emergency occurs. Place the box on a shelf beyond the reach of small children, and check it periodically and always restock items as soon as they are used up.

Keep all medications, including non-prescription drugs such as aspirin, out of reach of children. When discarding drugs, be sure to dispose of them where they cannot be retrieved by children or pets.

When an emergency occurs, make sure the injured victim's airway is not blocked by the tongue and that the mouth is free of any secretions and foreign objects. It is extremely important that the person is breathing freely. And if not, you need to administer artificial respiration promptly.

See that the victim has a pulse and good blood circulation as you check for signs of bleeding. Act fast if the victim is bleeding severely or if he/she has swallowed poison or if his/her heart or breathing has stopped. Remember every second counts.

Although most injured persons can be safely moved, it is vitally important not to move a person with serious neck or back injuries unless you have to save him/her from further danger. Keep the patient lying down and quiet. If he/she has vomited and there is no danger that his/her neck is broken, turn him/her on his/her side to prevent choking and keep him/her warn by covering him/her with blankets or coats.

Have someone call for medical assistance while you apply first aid. The person who summons help should explain the nature of the emergency and ask what should be done pending the arrival of the ambulance. Reassure the victim, and try to remain calm yourself. Your calmness can allay the fear and panic of the patient.

Don't give fluids to an unconscious or semi conscious person; fluids may enter his/her windpipe and cause suffocation. Don't try to arouse an unconscious person by slapping or shaking.

Look for an emergency medical identification card or an emblematic device that the victim may be wearing to alert you to any health problems, allergies or diseases that may require special care.

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What is Good HealthThomas Eldridge

There are many ideas, and opinions, on what constitutes good health, orwhat a meaningfully healthy lifestyle feels like or looks like. It could besaid that health should be a natural condition, or at least a consistent stateof well being. But what is this natural condition? There are some peoplewho accept pain and discomfort in the body as a necessary part of living. This pain is considered to be a motivator, something for the body to fightagainst. They accept this condition because they observe that there areso many people with health complaints and so few people free of problems. It is even taken for granted today that dying of a degenerative disease isacceptable if the person had led a 'good life'.

My parents both died of cancerous type diseases. I seem to be the onlyone who is not saying, but they 'lived a full life'. Keep in mind that I amthe one nobody can understand. I am not quite the black sheep. I am thedifferent one who stopped eating sugar thirty years ago. No one couldunderstand why I would go to so much trouble to read food product labelstrying to find something that did not contain sugar. Today it is manytimes worse because of all the sugar substitutes in our food products. If Iwere reading labels today I would choose sugar before the sugar substitutes ifI had no other choice. My choice today is to not buy any processed foodproducts. I believe that my continuing good health depends on me makingmy own food from simple organic ingredients. I seldom read food labelsthese days because I buy very little with a label on it.

Is good health some sort of perfection? In homeopathy good health issaid to manifest when a person's vital force is being expressed by perfectfunctioning of all parts of the body and by a sense of general wellbeing. This holistic approach to health states that nature, of which we are animportant part, has a constant tendency toward what is best for it. This vital force of nature reaches its masterpiece in the human body and thehuman consciousness. Harvey Diamond in his part of the book Fit forLife II: Living Health states that humans are constructed for health andhappiness. Life on earth lived in its ultimate achievement is aconstant and unshakeable zest for well being and enthusiasm, says Diamond. I havea lot of respect for the diet that the Diamonds recommended. It still isan excellent diet for cleansing out toxins. I am not a great fan of beingall that you can be, going for it all or pursuing excellence as a lifestyle. To me this is a short road to burn out and premature grey hair. I wasunconsciously going for it all in my younger years. I worked very hard. I cannot say that I experienced good health or happiness back then.

If we wanted this 'ultimate achievement' of good health our goal would beto reach old age and maturity without aches and pains, to be well-balancedand spared emotional traumas and stress-related illnesses. To have zest forlife we would wish to be like the beaming, healthy-looking 90-year-oldsfeatured in vegetarian magazine articles. Working out at the fitnessclub at 91 years of age could demonstrate the principle that the bestcondition for the body is resilience and flexibility. To take up piano lessons at83 years might demonstrate an absence of constricting contractions in bodyand mind. The problem is that we tend to extrapolate these stories intobelieving that this example of 'good health' is the best way to go. Pushing yourself into the gym when you are exhausted and should be resting isnot good health.

It seems apparent to me that for millions of years people lived in somesort of harmony with the natural forces of nature. Good health was some sortof consistent state of being. Otherwise, how would we be here? If we werealways in poor health for millions of years I cannot see how we wouldhave survived. A long time ago the dinosaurs disappeared suddenly. Todayspecies of plants and animals are becoming extinct at an acceleratingrate. Throughout history at least some of us must have maintained aninstinctive natural knowledge about how to live healthily enough to allow our speciesto continue. How we are doing today is a mute question. Are we going tocontinue to survive or is our current acceptance of sub-marginal healtha sign of something?

Perhaps it is time to take a look at what this instinctive naturalknowledge of good health might look like in our modern culture. I feel that it isnot that much different than it has been for millions of years. This'knowledge' probably includes simple things like sunshine, pure water,sleeping when the sun sets, relying on wholesome foods from nature,having daily alone time in the outdoors and living physically active lives incommunities of loving supportive people.

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Thomas Eldridge is the founder and director of The Center for Highly Sensitive People. The motto of the Center is 'Sensitivities are a Blessing, Not a Weakness'. You can find more information at http://www.thomaseldridge.com. If you enjoyed this article you can go to http://www.thomaseldridge.com/email.htm and subscribe to a weekly email newsletter of similar articles. You can contact the author directly at thomas@thomaseldridge.com.

Alzheimer's Disease is the term used to describe a dementing disorder marked by certain brain changes, regardless of the age of onset. Alzheimer's disease is not a normal part of aging - - and it is not something that inevitable happens in later life. Rather, it is one of the dementing disorders, a group of brain diseases that lead to the loss of mental and physical functions. The disorder, whole cause is unknown, affects a small but significant percentage of older Americans. A very small minority of alzheimer's patients are under 50 years of age. However, most are over 65.

Alzheimer's disease is the exception, rather than the rule, in old age. Only 5 to 6 percent of older people are afflicted by alzheimer's disease or a related dementia - - but this means approximately 3 to 4 million Americans have one of these debilitating disorders. Research indicates that 1 percent of the population aged 65-75 has severe dementia, increasing to 7 percent of those aged 75-85 and to 25 percent of those 85 or older. As out population ages and the number of alzheimer's patients increases, costs of care will rise as well.

Although Alzheimer's disease is not yet curable or reversible, there are ways to alleviate symptoms and suffering and to assist families. And not every person with this illness must necessarily move to a nursing home. Many thousands of patients - - especially those in the early stages of the disease - - are cared for by their families in the community. Indeed, one of the most important aspects of medical management is family education and family support services. When, or whether, to transfer a patient to a nursing home is a decision to be carefully considered by the family.

The onset of Alzheimer's disease is usually very slow and gradual, seldom occurring before age 65. Over time, however, it follows a progressively more serious course. Among the symptoms that typically develop, none is unique to Alzheimer's disease at its various stages. It is therefore essential for suspicious changes to be thoroughly evaluated before they become inappropriately or negligently labeled Alzheimer's disease.

Problems of memory, particularly recent or short-term memory, are common early in the course of the disease. For example, the individual may, on repeated occasions, forget to turn off the iron or may not recall which of the morning's medicines were taken. Mild personality changes, such as less spontaneity or a sense of apathy and a tendency to withdraw from social interactions, may occur early in the illness. As the disease progresses, problems in abstract thinking or in intellectual functioning develop. You may notice the individual beginning to have trouble with figures when working on bills, with understanding what is being read, or with organizing the days work. Further disturbances in behavior and appearance may also be seen at this point, such as agitation, irritability, quarrelsomeness, and diminishing ability to dress appropriately.

The average course of the disease from the time it is recognized to death is about 6 to 8 years, but it may range from under 2 years to over 20 years. Those who develop the disorder later in life may die from other illnesses (such as heart disease) before Alzheimer's disease reaches its final and most serious stage.

The reaction of an individual to the illness and the way he or she copes with it also varies and may depend on such factors as lifelong personality patterns and the nature and severity of the stress in the immediate environment.

As research on Alzheimer's disease continues, scientists are now describing other abnormal chemical changes associated with the disease. These include nerve cell degeneration in certain areas of the brain. Also, defects in certain blood vessels supplying blood to the brain have been studied as a possible contributing factor.

There is no way at the present time to determine who may get Alzheimer's disease. The main risk factor for the disease is increased age. The rates of the disease increase markedly with advancing age, with 25 percent of people over 85 suffering from Alzheimer's or other sever dementia.

Other things often noticeable may be depression, severe uneasiness, and paranoia or delusions that accompany or result from the disease, but they can often be alleviated by appropriate treatments.

Alzheimer's disease has emerged as one of the great mysteries in modern day medicine, with a growing number of clues but still no answers as to its cause. Researchers have come up with a number of theories about the cause of this disease but so far the mystery remains unresolved.

Because of the many other disorders that are often confused with Alzheimer's disease, a comprehensive clinical evaluation is essential to arrive at a correct diagnosis of any symptoms that look similar to those of Alzheimer's disease. In most cases, the family physician can be consulted about the best way to get the necessary examinations.

Stress on the family can take a toll on both the patient and the caregiver alike. Caregivers are usually family members - - either spouses or children - - and usually wives and daughters. As time passes and the burden mounts, it not only places the mental health of family caregivers at risk. It also diminishes their ability to provide care to the diseased patient. Hence, assistance to the family as a whole must be considered.

As the disease progresses, families experience increasing anxiety and pain at seeing unsettling changes in a loved one, and they commonly feel guilt over not being able to do enough. The prevalence of reactive depression among family members in this situation is disturbingly high - - caregivers are chronically stressed and are much more likely to suffer from depression than the average person. If caregivers have been forced to retire from positions outside the home. They feel progressively more isolated and no longer productive members of society.

The likelihood, intensity, and duration of depression among caregivers can all be lowered through available interventions. For example, to the extent that family members can offer emotional support to each other and perhaps seek professional consultation, they will be better prepared to help their loved one manage the illness and to recognize the limits of what they themselves can reasonably do.

Though Alzheimer's disease cannot at present be cured, reversed, or stopped in its progression, much can be done to help both the patient and the family live through the course of the illness with greater dignity and less discomfort. Toward this goal, appropriate clinical interventions and community services should be vigorously sought.

While Alzheimer's disease remains a mystery, with its cause and cure not yet found, there is considerable excitement and hope about new findings that are unfolding in numerous research settings. The connecting pieces to the puzzle called Alzheimer's disease continue to be found.

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DepressionJoan-Marie Moss

If you're not suffering from depression yourself, chances are that anywhere from 15 to 50 of every hundred people you know are. It is an insidious illness that sucks an individual further and further into a state of impotence and at the same time impacts the well-being of everyone who comes in contact with him/her. The numbers offered here are somewhat ambiguous because depression is only recently recognized as a real illness and not a figment of one's imagination.

Diane, who has been suffering from depression for more than eleven years, is one of those who are willing to talk about her illness. She says, Most people are still very much surprised that I admit and am willing to talk openly about my depression. There is still a stigma associated with the disease. People still don't understand. For this reason, we won't use real names in this article although the people who shared their stories are very real.

Incidences of this illness are staggering. An estimated 10-14 million Americans suffer from depression, according to a recent article in the Alliance for the Mentally Ill publication. Other estimates range as high as 35-40 million.

No one is immune from an attack of depression. Keep in mind that everyone feels down or lue at times. That's normal. But it's been estimated that 26 out of 100 women and 12 out of every 100 men will have a major depressive episode at least once in their lives. For creative individuals the estimate increases to 38 out of 100.

Statistics can be deceiving and any attempt to quantify this disease could be challenged. Particularly since, according to the Alliance for Mentally Ill, we're talking about those who are only now beginning to and seek help -- 80 % of those suffering from depression never seek treatment and suffer needlessly.

DuPage County is not immune. In fact, Dr. Martin Russo, a physician working with Central DuPage Hospital with offices in Bloomingdale, reports that easily forty to fifty percent of his patients are suffering from depression. Social workers and doctors throughout the county report similar statistics.

For this article only the most conservative numbers will be used. The indication, then, is that at least 150 out of every thousand suffer from this debilitating disease. In DuPage County, Illinois that translates to more than of 132,000 -- in Elmhurst, approximately 6,300 people -- live with some level of depression.

THE HUMAN FACTOR

Sondra Dodds at Family Service DuPage in Wheaton, IL says that those who are depressed often feel isolated and alone, different and unusual, misunderstood by family and friends, powerless and defeated. Many also feel the need to hide their real feelings, even from those they love. Those who are more willing to share their experiences share many common experiences although each case is dramatically different.

They share a common bond. They live in a no-man's land that's sapping the community of its most valuable resource...competent contributing citizens. They don't choose to live there. And they can't will to get out of there without help.

An insidious disease, depression is multi-faceted. The onset and the symptoms of depression are not always the same. Frequently depression is an outward manifestation of undetected physical illnesses such as cancer.

For some the disease can be traced to low self esteem; for others to excessive drain on their physical health and energy or chronic illnesses; for others to abnormally high levels of stress-related life experiences; for others realization that life is passing them by and their goals will never be reached.

In all instances the illness points to imbalances: physical, mental and spiritual. A depressive illness is a whole-body illness involving your body, mood, thoughts and behavior. It's not just a passing bout with he blues. You cannot will or wish it away.

Rose had frightening bouts with burning sensation in all parts of her body. It was as if her stomach, head, nerves were all aflame. Katherine began to withdraw from friends and acquaintances.

One Elmhurst resident tells of his experiences, I felt helpless and unable to cope with every day stresses. I saw myself as worthless as a part of the community I worked for. Frequently I entertained thoughts that my family would be better off if I just disappeared or died. I knew I was on a self destruct kick...ignoring my health, setting myself up for failure in my job and getting myself in no- win situations. The harder I tried, the worse things got in my life. I saw myself reacting to even the simplest setbacks with uncontrollable rage.

Anna, who has been treated both in and out of the hospital for depression said, Over the years, I've seen a big change in the people who are suffering depression. They're getting much younger now and they are filled with anger.

Some deal with the constant sensation that they are ot connected with the rest of the world and unimportant. For yet others, the illness may just hover at the point where there's a gnawing stomach ache and the constant knowledge that something just isn't right. Nearly all report that their level of productivity fell dramatically. Many find that they just can't attend to the task at hand. In the worst case scenario, suicide seems to offer the only way out.

The bad news is depression renders a person unable to cope adequately with life events and, frequently, it goes undiagnosed for months -- even years -- because the victim generally blames him or herself for uncontrollable problems and their inability to function in a reasonable manner. It's a vicious downward spiral that sucks its victim into a hopeless pit of despair.

IMPACT ON THE COMMUNITY

While many manage to function at some level of competence, their difficulties connecting and attending to task often limit them to minimum-wage positions although they may, under normal circumstances, be highly competent workers.

Heddi reports that her income dropped from nearly $3,000 per month to less than $800 a month while she was working much longer hours. A significant number of others have found themselves homeless. Evidence of this can be seen at the DuPage PADS site, where a striking number of clients are middle-management professionals who have lost their jobs.

The June 1995 county reports indicate that there are just over 884,000 people in DuPage County. Of those, the Labor force in DuPage numbers 492,169. If we calculate just 15% of those and figured that 73,800 people lost just $10,000 in earnings during the course of a year due to depression we're talking about the kind of losses that would be considered intolerable in business.

It's a vicious cycle. Stress, illness or financial difficulties strike sapping the individual and breeding a sense of hopelessness which aggravates the situation. Meanwhile, the sufferer must cope with others who are frequently equally depressed and stressed with their own problems. At the same time they have to deal with others who haven't the foggiest clue about what severe depression does to a person. In all cases misunderstanding and the inability to communicate the real pain lead to further hopelessness.

Stress continues to build in today's society where people dealing with stressful situations attempt to find solutions. When people dealing with any kind of stress or depression try to resolve difficulties or get answers to problems and get trapped into voice mail and mechanical phone menus or are put on waiting lists. When they feel treated like number, taken advantage of or overwhelmed constantly by circumstances they can't change, depression mounts.

In a society where both parents in a dual income family may hold down two or more jobs just to keep the bills paid, a person's value is equated with how much money they bring into the household rather than unconditional love and appreciation. One, or both, can slip easily into depression. The situation is much worse for single heads of households.

Barbara Hayes, a Family Service DuPage Licensed Clinical Social Worker, believes that ole strain is a major contributing factor in the higher incidence of depression in women. Not only are women parenting or grandparenting a younger generation, while, frequently caring for elderly parents; but, they are also required to cope with the challenges of maintaining a certain level of career growth in an uncertain economy -- frequently as sole support of their entire family structure. To meet the demands of each of these roles, a woman must maintain an exterior facade of strength. For many there is precious little time for attending to personal needs. All too frequently, functioning on far too little sleep and nutritious food, they cave in.

Meanwhile, the media, particularly women's magazines, focus on introspection, self analysis, poise and youthful figures, mounting anxiety, anger and insecurities. At the same time they juxtapose these weaknesses that turn us inward upon ourselves, with idealistic reports of the affluent life that many of the population will never achieve.

IT'S NOT A CASE OF BUZZ WORDS

Depression is not a new disease of the 20th century. Sufferers are among the elite. Abraham Lincoln, Winston Churchill, Edgar Allen Poe, Mike Wallace, Joan Rivers and Dick Cavett are among the many who have been afflicted.

Indications are that those who are more sensitive, creative and intelligent are more prone to suffering from depression. One study performed in the '80s found that 38% of 47 writers, poets and artists had taken medication, sought psychoanalysis or had been institutionalized for depression and bi-polar disorder. Another study performed in the 80's showed that more creative people suffered from emotional strife synonymous with certain neurosis. (Time-Life Books, 1992)

THE GOOD NEWS

Although the problem appears to be hopeless, there is good news. If you're going to have an illness, you want it to be depression. It's the most easily treatable.

The afflicted needs to work at getting back in balance. Professional counseling, support groups and the medical profession are learning to work together to speed recovery.

The medication is a critical aspect of treatment. The new drugs are marvelous even with the occasional discomfort of side effects. They work to re-balance the synapses that are responsible for the transmission of brain impulses.

Social workers and psychiatrists, too are much more skilled at identifying symptoms today than ever. Group counseling, support groups and crisis lines are more accessible. There's help and information out there for those who have the courage and determination to find it.

Much of the work, says Barbara Hayes, a licensed clinical social worker who oversees a 12-session group that's been running throughout the summer at Family Service DuPage, focuses on teaching cognitive reasoning techniques. Those who participate in this therapy learn to evaluate the validity of their thought processes and to recognize distorted thinking patterns. Then they learn to restructure their thought processes more positively and realistically. It's a sort of de-programming that allows individuals to discover that there are other ways to look at one's life experiences. Hayes has found this kind of therapy most productive when participants have the appropriate medical support. She assures her patients that using medication is not wimping out. Trying to pull yourself out of depression without the proper medical attention just doesn't work, she says. It's like a diabetic telling his pancreas to shoot insulin into his system, she says.

Unfortunately current health care programs, both private insurance and public aid, put unrealistic limits on treatment. All too often they cut short coverage long before the patient is able to cope without the medication and psychological support. When this happens they hamstring the health care providers, said Rose. It's not at all uncommon for these programs to cut off the payment for medication and counseling sessions just about the time a patient starts to show some progress and before the patient is sufficiently recovered. The only recourse in cases like that, short of going cold turkey, is to get on a waiting list for services that are offered on a sliding scale fee. All too often the patient is not financially able to handle that.

Fortunately it's the patient who does the real work of recovery. Those who discover that they control of their own destiny have the greatest hope of recovery. They can then learn how to maintain balance in their lives and their habits. They practice being less compulsive nurturers. They begin to trust themselves and be a bit more open with others. They learn to maintain a childlike attitude of gratitude and wonderment. And, they learn to be less sensitive to outside turmoil.

One of the key ingredients to healing lies in getting away from introspection and self-centeredness and to reach out to others. Those who have been afflicted and have made the most progress typically have found ways to give of themselves to others less fortunate or to share their unique talents with the community...the challenge being that a person who is severely depressed has great difficulty breaking through his/her feelings of isolation.

One group of women developed a phone network that they said was particularly helpful. One of the women is dealing with a pregnant teenager, another with a financial problems, a third with the death of a mother and a fourth with an overbearing aging mother. These women discovered that being able to pick up the phone and connect with someone who they knew would understand helped to speed recovery. In short order, often a matter of minutes, they managed to break the downward spiral of day-to-day crises. These calls provided the ladies a life-line that they turn to before the crisis could escalate. Most often within a very few minutes, they found they could put the experience into perspective and they'd find themselves laughing. And therein they found a cure, because you simply can't be depressed and laugh at the same time.

Dr. Russo's findings confirm that depression is indeed a multi-factorial disease that encompasses genetic, biological and environmental factors. He voices the concerns of many when he says, The reason that depression is so pervasive is that society is losing its sense of security and moral fiber in both the family and in the community. As it's losing its fiber we're losing our sense of purpose and personal value. At the same time we need to look at the spiritual component that gives us a sense of wholeness and peace when looking for solutions.

Those who understand depression agree, with Heddi, I need people, but I need people that I can be myself with. And, I need to find a way to make sense out of the madness I face every day I walk out my front door. When things get off balance, I need to make some changes. Alone I can't do it.

NOTE: Although most of the quotes here are those of women, the situation is far from a woman's problem. Women are simply more susceptible to depression. Role strain is a factor, according to Barbara Hayes. We are more aware of depression than we were in the past, but there are more stresses in society today for women to fulfill multiple roles. They make very heavy demands upon themselves. Women traditionally are the nurturers and very often in the process of nurturing others they forget to nurture themselves....as a result, at some point, people just start caving in.

The experts tell us that women today suffer twice as much depression as men. While one in four women can expect to develop depression during their lifetime, one in eight men can, too.

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JOAN-MARIE MOSS is a non-fiction author published in both national and regional markets. She specializes in business communications and public relations for businesses and professionals. She serves as consultant and communications/public relations specialist offering a full range of services from writing to desktop publishing and public speaking. Joan-Marie teaches Business Writing, Copyediting and Public Relations at Oakton Community college and has been guest speaker on WWCN and WDCB Radio. She currently writes for the Daily Herald and Press Publications, and is working on her second book.

Visit her web site at: http://cyberrealm.net/
~joanmari/CreativeOptions/Welcome.html

Natural CyclesSamten Williams, B.S.N., R.N.

The top income, the best job title: these markers are no longer the standard of success. So reports CNBC's show Power Lunch recently. This show reviewed results of a survey indicating the top priority for business school graduates now is a balance between family life and work.

Natural cycles awareness helps us get on the balanced-life track. This month we look at one part of natural timing, the retrograde motion of planets.

As viewed from earth, the planets sometimes appear to be traveling backward. This backward travel, called retrograde motion, is a phenomena recognized in both astronomy and astrology.

Retrograde motions are about patience. They are times when our plans to go forward are halted. Retrograde periods are times to bring play and family into the forefront of our lives. During retrograde periods we are reworking plans. We are going backward to get something we overlooked -- an idea, an opportunity. These kinds of creative discoveries are best realized through the spontaneity of play and the supportive comfort of family and friends.

Mercury, one of the planets in our solar system, goes retrograde three times a year. Energetically, Mercury is associated with communication, technology, and things which are mechanical. Retrograde periods of Mercury are the times when miscommunications, delays, or technical and mechanical challenges seem prevalent.

Just picture it: energy is trying to go backward and we are trying to go forward. Something has to give. You can guess it is not going to be the planet that gives, in this case Mercury. The planet is going to go it's way. We can either be aggravated, impatient, frustrated. Or, we can stop and reassess.

With knowledge of Mercury retrograde periods we can stop personalizing delays. We can start cushioning expectations, knowing we can only go so far when the motion is not forward. We can take the pressure off of over-work and bring in a little play.

Mercury turned retrograde on April 14. On May 8 1997, Mercury turns in a forward motion again. The point where Mercury turned retrograde on April 14 is called a station. Mercury passes this station on May 26. For the three week period when Mercury is retrograde one may expect natural delays and possible communication, technological or mechanical challenges. When Mercury turns direct on May 8 these matters start to clear up. When Mercury passes it's station on May 26 one can expect forward motion in the areas of communication and technology.

We have another retrograde energy we are dealing with now, Mars retrograde. Mars is the planet of drive and initiative. Many people have been experiencing delays in their work and the forward motion of projects.

On February 6 of this year Mars turned retrograde. Mars turns direct on April 29. On July 2, Mars passes it's station, the point where it turned retrograde in early February. During this Mars retrograde period we have the opportunity to come to a deeper sense of what energizes us -- what we want. As plans are delayed we keep refining them. After April 29, and especially after July 2, we will start to feel forward momentum again. This motion forward is in the areas of our personal power within business and relationships.

How can planetary motion possibly affect my business? is a question I am sure some readers will ask. The new physics teaches us gravity is not the only force in nature. Through electromagnetism and strong and weak forces the new physics tells us that everything in nature is interconnected. As above, so below.

Paying attention to the information of natural cycles helps us feel part of, rather than separate from, the fluid movement of energy. We can move with the natural clock, rather than against it. Check out the events of your life in relation to the dates mentioned above. See if there are links. If you do not see a match, that is fine, too. No one world view is for everyone.

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Samten Williams, B.S.N. R.N., is a nurse journalist and astrologer. Through hercompany FRESH PERSPECTIVES she offers writings, consultations, andworkshops on the applications of astrology for intuitive living. She can bereached at P.O. Box 76 Boxford MA 01921
http://www.shore.net/~samten
samten@shore.net

What You Should Know About LeadSheila Saucier

Lead, the toxic metal known to be harmful to man, has been sneakingunoticed into the bloodstreams of millions of Americans over many years.It seeps insidiously into our water risking the lives of our unborn and ourchildren, often going unnoticed until it's too late. It enters our homeson the feet of every occupant, picked up from the soil outside. It can cover the work clothes of mechanics, plumbers, lead smelter workers, and other high risk occupations. The same clothes that we wash along with our children's clothes, unknowingly endangering them.

Lead is an invisible enemy, often in the form of simple dust thatenters our home. Dust that can be both inhaled or ingested especially by young children who tend to put everything in their mouths.

In other words lead poisoning is still a very real threat present inour environment, damaging the brains and nervous system of many of it's victims, the majority of which are children.

Of great concern is our water supply. The EPA (EnvironmentalProtection Agency) estimates that about forty two million Americans use household water that contains unsafe levels of lead. Precisely, levels in excess of 15 ppb (parts per billion), which is the highest recommended safety level. However, there is no truly safe level of lead, because it does not belong in the human body, and it does not leave our bodies once it has entered. Instead, it is stored just like calcium and other minerals in the bone matter where it continues to build up over our lifetime.

It's no wonder that as many as one out of eleven children in theUnited States have dangerously high levels of lead in their bloodstream according to the EPA. Some other sources suggest this number is as great as one in eight children!

As hard as this is to believe, the facts are very real. Lead isdecreasing the I.Q.'s of many young victims, creating learningdisabilities, such as speech and behavior problems, not to mention hearing loss, muscular coordination problems, and much more.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that regular leadscreening should be done on children up to age six, with the first testdone between six to twelve months of age. However, it has been my personalexperience that Pediatricians are not routinely checking for lead inchildren. Certainly none have ever suggested it to me, and my childrenhave seen a dozen different Pediatrician's over the years.

It appears that few people really believe their families are at riskand feel their homes are safe. The reality is however, that your home's water probably does contain lead in some amount, and in fact, an estimated 10 million children receive significantly high amounts of lead in theirdrinking water in our country every day.

Following are some other common sources of lead.

bone china

crystal

painted surfaces

brass faucets

painted toys

antique pewter

foreign made crayons

ammunition, pellets

chalk

fruits

air

water

porcelain

earthenware

plastic mini-blinds

solder

stained glass

storage batteries

gasoline additives

water pipe corrosion

water pipe solder

vegetables

soil

dust

Today experts regard soldering as the major cause of lead contamination ofhousehold water in U.S. homes. New brass faucets and fittings can alsoleach lead during corrosion, even though they claim to be lead free.

It's sad to note that the newer the home, the greater the risk of leadcontamination. Why? Because normally, as time passes, mineral depositsform a coating on the inside of water pipes, (if the water is not corrosive.) This coating insulates the water from the lead-containing solder present. But during the first five years, before the coating forms, water is in direct contact with the lead and carries it into your home.

Some recent studies suggest that food is our main source of adulthuman exposure with as much as 60% of total ingested lead coming from the food we eat, air inhalation accounting for 30%, and water for 10%.

Children, pregnant women, and calcium deficient individuals are in thegreatest risk group for lead toxicity. What's frightening to realize isthat dangerously high levels of lead do not necessarily present any symptoms in children. So it's no surprise few Physicians or parents ever suspect lead toxicity in their children.

It's also interesting to note that many of the symptoms of ADHD,(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), mimic those of lead toxicity.I can't help but wonder how many children diagnosed with this disease mayactually be lead toxic instead. Take a look at the symptoms that may ormay not present themselves.

In children:

fatigue

crankiness

hyperactivity

convulsions

restlessness

headaches

insomnia

stupor

constipation
 

poor appetite

behavior and learning problems

brain and nervous system damage

slowed growth

earing and speech problems

nausea/vomiting

abdominal pain

anemia

lack of muscular coordination

  In adults:

difficulty during pregnancy, such as miscarriage, etc.

reproductive problems (men and women)

high blood pressure

digestive problems

nerve disorders

anemia

muscle and joint pain

memory and concentration problems

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Copyright © 1997 by Sheila Blythe-Saucier. Founder and owner of Safety Net-Child Safety Consultants, Sheila Blythe-Saucier is in the business of protecting children from the hazards that exist in their homes and communities. An R.N. for the last 20 years, Sheila extensively researched and authored a child safety book, which lead to the development of her business. Through a home inspection covering over 600 hazards commonly found in and around homes with young children, parents receive an education on protecting their kids fully, in a few hours time.

Live a Longer and Healthier LifeHerlan Westra

An unexpected research finding with great practical significance isthat experimental animals live longer with much lower rates of diseasewhen they consume less than the recommended daily allowance of calories.The finding is unexpected because we associate less-than-optimalnutrition with poor growth and health, and common sense tells us that wedo better if we are well nourished. In fact, most of us may beovernourished, and too much of a good thing may be doing us harm.

An adequate diet is one that provides not only enough calories butalso all of the nutrients necessary for efficient metabolism without anyexcesses that promote disease. What constitutes a good diet is a matterof controversy, and much of the controversy is based on emotion ratherthan reason.

An average person needs less than 2,000 calories daily, with 300 to400 of the calories coming from fat. Present labeling laws are helpfulin determining your caloric intake, but maintaining your weight orlosing weight is much more complicated. The FDA supports two ways todiet: increase exercise and decrease the intake of food.

Dieting Can Make You Fat

That's it? The secret to a long and healthy life is diet andexercise? Not really! Metabolism slows down during a diet, and the bodyburns fewer calories, causing more fat to be stored as a protectionagainst extended famine. When the food supply is restored, themetabolism is slow to respond, and the body stores even more fat. Inhumans, this yo-yo phenomenon is harmful - starvation diets simply foolthe body into starting a famine cycle. Once the diet is over, we areback to where we started, or worse.

Granted, exercise programs help keep the metabolism active, but mostof us are about as committed to our exercise programs as we are to ourdiets. We fall off the exercise program at the same time we end thediet, increasing the yo-yo effect. Then how should we combine dietingand exercise into a healthy life?

First we need to modify our diets, lowering caloric content withoutgreatly reducing the amount or the appeal of food we consume. The bestway of lowering caloric content is by cutting the fat content in ourdiets. Fat has almost twice as many calories per gram as protein andcarbohydrate.

Second we need to restrict caloric intake either by fasting or byeating a limited diet one day a week. Our body's metabolism will notreact quick enough to begin a famine cycle during a one-day diet.Fasting should include plenty of liquids, with enough fruit juices tomaintain a minimum caloric intake. When fasting, reduce the intake ofsupplemental vitamins and minerals, as some supplements may become toxicif not consumed with adequate amounts of food.

Vitamin Supplements

Our bodies don't benefit from the food we eat, but rather by what isdigested, assimilated and eliminated. The food is taken in, broken intosmaller and smaller parts until it can be absorbed and the by-productsdiscarded. Enzymes digest all of our food and make it small enough topass through the intestines into the blood. Enzymes are a part of everymetabolic process in the body, from the working of our glands to theproper functioning of our immune system. Enzymes require vitamins andminerals to do their work.

Many manufactured vitamin and mineral supplements, because they arefractionated (broken down into basic elements), are treated as toxicwaste in the body. Some minerals in an unnatural form can accumulate andcause harmful effects. Fortunately, many commercial vitamin and mineralsupplements are so badly formulated that they pass right through ourdigestive systems without breaking down and being absorbed.Unfortunately, we haven't received the benefit that we paid for.

Many people are now using all-natural herbal forms of vitamin andmineral supplements. Because these are in a natural form, they are moreeasily absorbed than manufactured supplements. They are also much lessconcentrated than manufactured supplements, and so are often safer.However, it is always best to consult with your personal physicianbefore taking any nutritional supplement.

The proper supplements, combined with proper diet and exercise, canhelp you live a longer and healthier life.

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Herlan Westra is the editor of Rhode Island Foghorn OnlineMagazine, which provides information and entertainment for a rapidly-growing audience nationwide. Herlan welcomes suggestions for future articles.

WHAT is Too Fat?Teresa King

In this day and age, it seems that more and more women and young teensare starving themselves to be in the current skinny mode. Why is thishappening?

In this overly commercially orientated world, with skinny models all overthe world, and people trying to emulate that look. I am quite sure it started withTwiggy, in the 1960's. I think Twiggy was smart. She looked at her skinny littleframe and realized that she was not like most girls, so instead of hiding herselfshe flaunted it.

Hence, comes skinniness, and billions of dollars are spent each yearwhile women, young and old, try to stay thin.

Health is going down hill. Years ago women had a bit of meat on theirbones and were beautiful. Now, they have dry skin. No extra energy. And, in myopinion look like skeletons.

It is one thing, to keep yourself, in shape, by exercising and keepingyourself toned up. It is quite another when you are starving your body, and robbing itof proper nutrients.

One thing that a lot of people are not aware of is what happens when youdon't eat enough calories. Your body, a wonderful machine, was built for starvingtimes and feasting time, as food was scarce sometimes and abundant at others. So,when you don't feed your body, your metabolism says oh, dear, here comesstarving times. And, it promptly slows down. Hence, starving and slow weightloss. So what does a person do. He/she eats less calories, and on goes the cycle.

Now we come to the Yoyo syndrome heavy, thin, heavy thin, heavy thin,and guess what happens? It gets harder to get the weight off each time. Whyis that? Because your body is confused. I was starved, I must slow down. I amgetting fed, I must store for starving times. Hence the Yoyo syndrome.

Now, what is too fat? Too fat is when you are carrying too much fat, andit is hard to move. Hard to breath. Too fat is not because at 5'4 inches you weigh 140lbs, and the Twiggy friend weighs 115lbs. Each person has a different bonestructure and some people have more muscle than others. And, yes, muscle weighs morethan fat. Hence a person at 140 lbs may actually have less fat then a personwho is the same height at 115 lbs.

If after reading this you still think you are too fat. Or, if you arereally too fat. Then the best diet is to exercise, cut down on junk food. Eat healthy foodssuch as fruits and veggies, whole grains, etc. Drink lots of water. Do not STARVEyourself. Try to get off hydrogenated fats. (And, this will take some reading. You will besurprised how much hydrogenated fats are in packaged foods) your body needs oil,just like a car. It is just some oils are better for you then others. Hydrogenatedfats are not needed.

Think build health. Get proper vitamins (all natural are best!) In thisday and age there is no way you can get the vitamins you need in the food you areeating. Unless, you watch every single bite, and read a tremendous amount ofliterature to learn and do so, plus growing your own food, so you know where it iscoming from. Do not go hungry. If you want to lose weight don't stuff yourself. Eatfrequent small meals, so you never get those out of control binges that low blood sugarcauses. So, there you have it in a nutshell.

As you build your health you can smile at that mirror and accept yourrosy cheeks, glossy shiny hair, soft skin, and an amazing abundance of energy. So whatif you weigh more than you think you should. You are you. Accept yourself. Goodluck!

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Copyright Teresa King
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Human Growth Hormone: Fountain of Youth or the Same Old Hype?Dr. John H. Maher and Dr. Bruce Howe

In this day and age, it seems that more and more women and young teensare starving themselves to be in the current skinny mode. Why is thishappening?

In this overly commercially orientated world, with skinny models all overthe world, and people trying to emulate that look. I am quite sure it started withTwiggy, in the 1960's. I think Twiggy was smart. She looked at her skinny littleframe and realized that she was not like most girls, so instead of hiding herselfshe flaunted it.

(A Brief Guide to Hgh Enhancement Supplements, the Current Rage inAnti-Aging, Longevity, Building Lean Body Mass, and Rejuvenating SexualPotency.)

What if you had a natural and safe product with clinically provenresults in the battle against aging? What if you could reverse aging? Looking,feeling, and performing 10, even 20 years younger?

What if you could burn fat without dieting or exercising; increase yourmuscle mass without exercise; improve your sexual drive and performance;enhance your athletic performance and endurance; have younger, tighter,thicker skin; eliminate cellulite; dramatically support truly refreshingdeep sleep; build stronger bones; alleviate menopause and maleandropause; improve your cholesterol and triglyceride profiles;strengthen your heart while lowering blood pressure; even improve yourhair growth and texture; improve mood, memory and concentration; strengthenyour immune system; and likely add years to your life?

Well... with human growth hormone (Hgh) enhancements you can. Over28,000 medical studies say you can!

Indeed, a 10 year study just completed in June 1998 for the NationalInstitute of Aging state the results with human growth hormone, alsoknown as Hgh, are too good to be true!

What is Hgh?

Nestled in the center of our heads there sits a rather tiny but verypowerful gland called the pituitary gland. Hgh is one of 7 hormonessecreted by the pituitary. Growth hormone, like thyroid hormone, hasan effect on almost all our tissues and organs. As the name implies, itenhances the growth of various organs and tissues, especially muscle andbone. Basically, human growth hormone increases protein synthesis. Proteins are the major building block out of which our body is made. Normal secretion of Hgh occurs in a daily cycle, like a tide. It varieswith exercise, sleep, stress and nutrition.

Why Does Hgh Enhancement Help?

As we hit middle age, there is a natural decline in hormone production,not only of Hgh, but estrogen, progesterone, DHEA, androstenedione, andtestosterone. With advancing age, an increase in the incidence ofosteoporosis, heart disease, diabetes, mood and memory disorders, lossof libido, , etc. occurs. Also, central obesity increases and musclesshrink. Scientific studies are demonstrating a causal relationship between thedecline in hormone levels and an increased incidence of theaforementioned conditions. The exciting development is that by replacing thesehormones, these developments can actually be reversed. Hormone replacement forestrogen, thyroid and now progesterone are commonplace. Is Hgh next?

What's the Downside?

Hgh was only used for children with certain growth disorders until themid 1980's. It was extremely expensive, as the only source was humancadavers!

Then recombinant DNA technology made it possible to engineer bacteriato produce Hgh. Still it cost about $200 to $300 per week to buy suchrecombinant Hgh! Plus, you need frequent blood tests, costing $100 pluseach time to monitor the proper dosage. And you have to give yourselfshots twice a day, though these are more inconvenient than painful.

There is some debate as to whether Hgh shots might stimulate cancer. Proponents counter that Hgh actually builds the immune system, thereforelikely helping to prevent cancer. The informed consensus opinion atthis time seems to be that those with cancer should not take Hgh as it mightstimulate cancer growth too!

Another concern is that Hgh shots, as with any hormone replacementtherapy regularly taken, tend to inhibit our own natural production. So, if youstop, you could really crash, having become dependent on an outsidesource of Hgh.

In Part II, we will continue our discussion on human growth hormone.

We will present information on natural Hgh secretagogues, a safer and much more affordable way to benefit from Hgh enhancements. And we willdiscuss ways to optimize your Hgh levels with nutrition, exercise, restand stress reduction.

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Dr. John H. Maher
Dr. Bruce Howe

Longevity Resources Int'l. is dedicated to providing you with thecutting edge in natural health products, scientific information, andprofessional guidance with quality, service, convenience, and economy, guaranteed!

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Human Growth Hormone: Fountain of Youth or the Same Old Hype? Part 2Dr. John H. Maher and Dr. Bruce Howe

Natural Human Growth Hormone Enhancements: the Hgh Secretagogues

Fortunately, for anti-aging enthusiasts, there are a variety of naturaloral Hgh enhancers that are much less expensive. Because they support,not replace, pituitary gland function, they don't shut down your ownnatural production. These are called secretagogues because they coaxor support your own glands to secrete their own hormones, not replace them.

Which Secretagogues Are Best?

As the oral Hgh enhancers (secretagogues) hit the market, caveatemptor! (buyer beware!) Most marketers will quote study results from Hghinjections and then claim them for their product! Here are 4 importantquestions to ask:

Has the Hgh product been independently lab tested, proving itraises IGF-1 by 50% or more on average? (IGF-1 stands for insulin like growthfactor and is the accepted way to measure Hgh response to oralsupplements and injections.) Were the studies conducted by a M.D. with expertcredential in anti-aging?

Has the Hgh anti-aging product been utilized by scores of doctorsfor several years to insure safety and effectiveness?

Are there testimonials not only from lay persons, but from M.D.'sfrom major universities with credentials in anti-aging medicine.

Does the Hgh enhancing product cost more than $2 per day? (Itshouldn't!)

My general opinion is to avoid legumes or bean based secretagogues asthey may increase estrogen. Oral recombinant Hgh sprays and drops are veryeffective, but too expensive, and too new to know about safety. Plusyou don't support your own production with oral recombinant Hgh, rather youare replacing it. Generally, combinations of amino acids like glutamine,arginine, orthinine ,lysine, flush free niacin and herbs are best. Pickproducts that have been used safely for at least several years, provento increase IGF-1 levels by 50% or more, have endorsements from wellcredentialed authorities, and cost less that $60/month.

Do I Need To See A Doctor First?

My personal opinion is that anyone serious about anti-aging should havea professional anti-aging health coach. Unfortunately, medical anti-agingclinics with Hgh injections cost about $20,000 per year, cash! Doctorslike myself who try to make available more modest longevity programs tofit to the middle class budget are rare indeed. Generally however, the moreover 40 you look, feel, and perform, the more likely you could probablybenefit from high quality, proven safe and effective Hgh secretagoguesas described herein. But be careful. You don't have too be much of anentrepreneur to figure out that youth in a bottle is a marketer's dream.Buyer beware!

How You Can I Enhance Your Hgh Levels Naturally

As you may recall from Part I, Hgh levels are affected by stress, restpatterns, nutrition and exercise.

Stressful lifestyles tend to focus the body on producing stress hormoneslike cortisol and ACTH . Too much stress hormone actually breakdownsmuscle tissue, inhibits repair, and interferes with sleep. If a long, vital,and happy life is on your busy agenda, then make fun, rest, play, and quiettimes a priority!

Hgh levels are strongly effected by our nutritional status. In theinfirm elderly Hgh levels have doubled from admittedly very low levels bysupplementing with 20 grams of protein from whey. Correcting suboptimalzinc status in otherwise apparently healthy subjects increased Hghlevels by 20%. As human growth hormone's effect is to stimulate growth, it willmaximize your results if you supply yourself with the necessary proteinand mineral building blocks through a nutrient dense diet. A high qualitymulti- vitamin/mineral, rich in anti-oxidants, is also to your health'sadvantage.

Exercise stimulates Hgh by reducing stress and promoting restful sleep.

However, weight lifting and to a lesser extent running wind sprints,directly enhances Hgh levels. Heavy weight lifting, like dead lifts,squats, and bench presses are the best. Performing 5 to 8 reps, 3 sets,at maximum effort is best.

Unless very experienced, be sure to get guidance from a trainer at yourgym or home.

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Dr. John H. Maher
Dr. Bruce Howe

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Once you have made up your mind to lose weight, you should make that commitment and go into it with a positive attitude. We all know that losing weight can be quite a challenge. In fact, for some, it can be downright tough. It takes time, practice and support to change lifetime habits. But it's a process you must learn in order to succeed. It is said that if you do something for 21 days it will become a habit. You and you alone are the one who has the power to lose unwanted pounds.

Think Like a Winner

Think like a winner, and not a loser - - remember that emotions are like muscles and the ones you use most grow the strongest. If you always look at the negative side of things, you'll become a downbeat, pessimistic person. Even slightly negative thoughts have a greater impact on you and last longer than powerful positive thoughts.

Negative thinking doesn't do you any good, it just holds you back from accomplishing the things you want to do. When a negative thought creeps into your mind, replace it reminding yourself that you're somebody, you have self-worth and you possess unique strengths and talents.

Contemplate what lies ahead of you. Losing weight is not just about diets. It's about a whole new you and the possibility of creating a new life for yourself. Investigate the weight loss programs that appeal to you and that you feel will teach you the behavioral skills you need to stick with throughout the weight-loss process.

First you should look for support among family and friends. It can be an enormous help to discuss obstacles and share skills and tactics with others on the same path. You might look for this support from others you know who are in weight loss programs and you can seek guidance from someone you know who has lost weight and kept it off.

There are success stories across the country today on television and in newspapers, magazines and tabloids about people who have miraculously lost untold pounds and kept it off. In all instances they say their mental attitude as well as their outlook on life has totally changed.

Learning New Skills

Diets and weight loss programs are more flexible now than they once were and there are many prepared foods already portioned out. They are made attractive and can be prepared in a matter of minutes. Low-fat and low-calorie foods are on shelves everywhere.

You will probably need to learn new, wiser eating skills. You will want a weight loss regimen that gives you some control, rather than imposing one rigid system. Look for one that offers a variety of different eating plans, so you can choose the one that's best for you.

Keep in mind, too, that your weight loss program will most likely include some physical exercises. Look at the exercising aspect of your program as fun and recreation and not as a form of grueling and sweaty work. The fact is that physical fitness is linked inseparable to all personal effectiveness in every field. Anyone willing to take the few simple steps that lie between them and fitness will shortly begin to feel better, and the improvement will reflect itself in every facet of their existence.

Doctors now say that walking is one of the best exercises. It helps the total circulation of blood throughout the body, and thus has a direct effect on your overall feeling of health. There are things such as aerobics, jogging, swimming and many other exercises which will benefit a weight loss program. Discuss the options with your doctor and take his advice in planning your exercise and weight loss program.

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BABIES CPRDave Burns

As some of you may have noticed, Babies are not built to the same specifications as adults and children. To begin with, they are a lot softer, and they seem to have no necks! This makes the ABC of resuscitation slightly different.

To begin with, lay the infant on a hardsurface that is within your reach. The floor is a long way down. Use a table, orsideboard. Open the airway by tilting the head very slightly back, not as far as youwould with an adult. Check the breathing in the normal way, but be aware that a babybreathes faster than an adult or child, and you may not see chest movement.

Hopefully the baby is breathing, if so, instead of laying them down in the recoveryposition as you would for an adult or child, Pick them up and hold them, with the headslightly lower than the rest of the body, and the back to your chest.

If there is no breathing present, you need to give some air. Cover both nose and mouth with your mouth and give a small puff. (Imagine blowing out a candle). Do this 5 times, not 2 as with adults. Now check for signs of pulse.

Being smaller and softer, using the pulse in the neckcan do damage to a baby, Therefore we check the pulse in the upper arm. Place the flat of3 fingers on the inside of the upper arm, and the thumb on the outside. Using a lightpressure you should then feel the brachial pulse. Is there a pulse present? Is it morethan 60 per min? If yes, carry on giving air and get help fast. If the pulse isless than 60, assume no pulse and give chest compressions. Again, there is a differencehere. First, the pressure point is about one finger below the nipple line. Just use 2fingers, and depress the chest about 1/3rd of the chest depth five timesthen give one breath and continue at 5 compressions to one breath. (This mustbe on a firm surface or the pressure will not go where needed). The chances ofresuscitating a baby successfully are higher than that of an adult, if you do not panic!

For more information, Call your local Red Cross and ask about training. You willbe surprised at how cheap and easy it is to learn how to save lives.

DISCLAIMER:
First aid is not a subject that can be learned from books or articles. To become a true first aider you need to undertake proper training that will give you the opportunity to practice in a safe and controlled environment. Neither I as the author or the World Wide Information Outlet can or will be held responsible for anything that happens as a result of this article. Having said that, when a life is at stake, you should at least try. Under the 'good samaritan' law, provided your intention was to do good, nobody can touch you for it!

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
I am a Trainer with the British Red Cross. I am currently based at Shrewsbury, Shropshire in the UK. And have been training now for 7 years.

Most of the time is fun, but as any trainer will tell you, it all depends on your class. There is always one that knows it all, and one who just cannot grasp what you are saying.

I think that a trainer always needs to keep on top of what is happening, and adapt their courses to the students needs. It is also good to meet and chat to other trainers to get new ideas and perspectives. This is the reason for this area.

Your ideas and comments would be most welcome.

Email me at dave@burns.enta.net or visit http://www.burns.enta.net

Where Diets Go WrongNora Penia

Strictly speaking, diets don't fail, people fail to stick with a diet. Following any reduced calorie diet will result in weight loss. The problem is sticking with it. Unfortunately, most diets have built-in failures which trip up the dieter.

Diets go wrong by being too restrictive.

Many conventional diets demand a fairly low calorie intakein order to lose weight. They are based on a fairly simpleconcept: in order to lose weight one must eat less.Although true, for people who have a large amount of weightto lose, reducing their usual daily intake by 1000 - 2000calories a day is a depressing task. Such dieters feeldeprived before even starting a new diet.

Even for people with small amounts to lose, cutting theirusual intake from 2200 or 2500 to 1200 calories, can be ashock to the system. A quick glance at any womens magazinereveals at least one sample menu for weight loss. Uponcomparison, the amounts of food seem very small and usuallyinclude uninteresting foods such as yogurt, cottage cheeseand chicken breasts.

Diets go wrong by requiring the dieter to change the type of food eaten.

Humans are creatures of habit and usually eat the same foodsover and over. Granted, overweight folks are eating toomuch of the wrong foods. But, in an effort to promote eatinga variety of healthy foods, conventional diets suggest newdishes which often include exotic and hard to find foods orjust plain boring foods. Using a sample weeks menu of mealscan result in buying unusual ingredients, using a smallamount for one recipe, then often wasting the rest.

Diets go wrong by making it difficult to eat.

Most diets suggest using fresh foods, cooked from scratch athome. This requires more meal planning, shopping andpreparation time. Its easier and quicker to rely on fastfood or convenience foods. The drawback with fast food isin controlling exactly what is eaten since the ingredientsare not easily known. Even with the new improved labeling onconvenience foods, theres no guarantee the totals at theend of the day will be within healthy ranges. And who hasthe time to keep track?

But trying to eat less and prepare strange new dishes can bediscouraging. New recipes can take longer to prepare,making it tempting to revert to old eating patterns andsimply give up. Eating at a favorite restaurant or at socialgatherings is difficult at best. The required food is notavailable and making substitutions is tricky.

Diets go wrong by feeling like a punishment.

Diets require the reduced intake of food, cutting outfavorite foods, learning to like new foods, spending moretime planning and preparing food. All these changes canmake the dieter feel punished by the very process which issupposed to improve life.

However, people usually approach a diet with the attitude:this is just until I lose x number pounds. This is wherepeople fail diets. Any change required to lose weight willneed to continue after the pounds are gone. When dietersrevert to old habits, the weight creeps back on.

Diets go wrong by creating a repeated failure record.

Every time a dieter fails at a diet, stops trying andreturns to old eating habits, the chances of succeeding atthe next attempt is reduced. The dieter becomes fatalisticabout the possibility of ever losing weight.

How to win the diet battle?

The real answer to the shortcomings of diets seems to be:eat the foods you are accustomed to, but reduce the amountof everything eaten. Rather than learning new ways ofcooking, suffering through painful shopping trips for foodyou dont like, spending hours cooking and tracking theamounts eaten, simply fill your plate as usual, put part ofit back and eat the rest with a clear conscience.

A reduction of only 500 calories a day will result in aweight loss of one pound a week which adds up over time.(When was the last time you lost 52 pounds a year?) Thisapproach automatically cuts the amount of fat consumed aswell as reducing the intake of sodium, sugar andconcentrated calories such as meat and carbohydrates.

So, rather than put yourself on a diet,' make moderatechanges. Omit one large snack or dessert, and all secondhelpings each day. Eat a little less meat and high fatfoods. Add a salad or extra serving of skinny vegetablesevery day, (you know which ones.) Go for a walk aftersupper. Give it time.

And, never say diet again.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Nora Penia is an educator and writer. She has written one novel, as yet unpublished, and for over two years has written for her own online magazine entitled At the Fence, Relationships and Parenting.

Storage and Handling of IvoryM. Springate

Strictly speaking, diets don't fail, people fail to stick with a diet. Following any reduced calorie diet will result in weight loss. The problem is sticking with it. Unfortunately, most diets have built-in failures which trip up the dieter.

Diets go wrong by being too restrictive.

Many conventional diets demand a fairly low calorie intakein order to lose weight. They are based on a fairly simpleconcept: in order to lose weight one must eat less.Although true, for people who have a large amount of weightto lose, reducing their usual daily intake by 1000 - 2000calories a day is a depressing task. Such dieters feeldeprived before even starting a new diet.

Even for people with small amounts to lose, cutting theirusual intake from 2200 or 2500 to 1200 calories, can be ashock to the system. A quick glance at any womens magazinereveals at least one sample menu for weight loss. Uponcomparison, the amounts of food seem very small and usuallyinclude uninteresting foods such as yogurt, cottage cheeseand chicken breasts.

Diets go wrong by requiring the dieter to change the type of food eaten.

Humans are creatures of habit and usually eat the same foodsover and over. Granted, overweight folks are eating toomuch of the wrong foods. But, in an effort to promote eatinga variety of healthy foods, conventional diets suggest newdishes which often include exotic and hard to find foods orjust plain boring foods. Using a sample weeks menu of mealscan result in buying unusual ingredients, using a smallamount for one recipe, then often wasting the rest.

Diets go wrong by making it difficult to eat.

Most diets suggest using fresh foods, cooked from scratch athome. This requires more meal planning, shopping andpreparation time. Its easier and quicker to rely on fastfood or convenience foods. The drawback with fast food isin controlling exactly what is eaten since the ingredientsare not easily known. Even with the new improved labeling onconvenience foods, theres no guarantee the totals at theend of the day will be within healthy ranges. And who hasthe time to keep track?

But trying to eat less and prepare strange new dishes can bediscouraging. New recipes can take longer to prepare,making it tempting to revert to old eating patterns andsimply give up. Eating at a favorite restaurant or at socialgatherings is difficult at best. The required food is notavailable and making substitutions is tricky.

Diets go wrong by feeling like a punishment.

Diets require the reduced intake of food, cutting outfavorite foods, learning to like new foods, spending moretime planning and preparing food. All these changes canmake the dieter feel punished by the very process which issupposed to improve life.

However, people usually approach a diet with the attitude:this is just until I lose x number pounds. This is wherepeople fail diets. Any change required to lose weight willneed to continue after the pounds are gone. When dietersrevert to old habits, the weight creeps back on.

Diets go wrong by creating a repeated failure record.

Every time a dieter fails at a diet, stops trying andreturns to old eating habits, the chances of succeeding atthe next attempt is reduced. The dieter becomes fatalisticabout the possibility of ever losing weight.

How to win the diet battle?

The real answer to the shortcomings of diets seems to be:eat the foods you are accustomed to, but reduce the amountof everything eaten. Rather than learning new ways ofcooking, suffering through painful shopping trips for foodyou dont like, spending hours cooking and tracking theamounts eaten, simply fill your plate as usual, put part ofit back and eat the rest with a clear conscience.

A reduction of only 500 calories a day will result in aweight loss of one pound a week which adds up over time.(When was the last time you lost 52 pounds a year?) Thisapproach automatically cuts the amount of fat consumed aswell as reducing the intake of sodium, sugar andconcentrated calories such as meat and carbohydrates.

So, rather than put yourself on a diet,' make moderatechanges. Omit one large snack or dessert, and all secondhelpings each day. Eat a little less meat and high fatfoods. Add a salad or extra serving of skinny vegetablesevery day, (you know which ones.) Go for a walk aftersupper. Give it time.

And, never say diet again.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Nora Penia is an educator and writer. She has written one novel, as yet unpublished, and for over two years has written for her own online magazine entitled At the Fence, Relationships and Parenting.

The 6 Ps of Professional CraftingPenny Stewart

Strictly speaking, diets don't fail, people fail to stick with a diet. Following any reduced calorie diet will result in weight loss. The problem is sticking with it. Unfortunately, most diets have built-in failures which trip up the dieter.

Diets go wrong by being too restrictive.

Many conventional diets demand a fairly low calorie intakein order to lose weight. They are based on a fairly simpleconcept: in order to lose weight one must eat less.Although true, for people who have a large amount of weightto lose, reducing their usual daily intake by 1000 - 2000calories a day is a depressing task. Such dieters feeldeprived before even starting a new diet.

Even for people with small amounts to lose, cutting theirusual intake from 2200 or 2500 to 1200 calories, can be ashock to the system. A quick glance at any womens magazinereveals at least one sample menu for weight loss. Uponcomparison, the amounts of food seem very small and usuallyinclude uninteresting foods such as yogurt, cottage cheeseand chicken breasts.

Diets go wrong by requiring the dieter to change the type of food eaten.

Humans are creatures of habit and usually eat the same foodsover and over. Granted, overweight folks are eating toomuch of the wrong foods. But, in an effort to promote eatinga variety of healthy foods, conventional diets suggest newdishes which often include exotic and hard to find foods orjust plain boring foods. Using a sample weeks menu of mealscan result in buying unusual ingredients, using a smallamount for one recipe, then often wasting the rest.

Diets go wrong by making it difficult to eat.

Most diets suggest using fresh foods, cooked from scratch athome. This requires more meal planning, shopping andpreparation time. Its easier and quicker to rely on fastfood or convenience foods. The drawback with fast food isin controlling exactly what is eaten since the ingredientsare not easily known. Even with the new improved labeling onconvenience foods, theres no guarantee the totals at theend of the day will be within healthy ranges. And who hasthe time to keep track?

But trying to eat less and prepare strange new dishes can bediscouraging. New recipes can take longer to prepare,making it tempting to revert to old eating patterns andsimply give up. Eating at a favorite restaurant or at socialgatherings is difficult at best. The required food is notavailable and making substitutions is tricky.

Diets go wrong by feeling like a punishment.

Diets require the reduced intake of food, cutting outfavorite foods, learning to like new foods, spending moretime planning and preparing food. All these changes canmake the dieter feel punished by the very process which issupposed to improve life.

However, people usually approach a diet with the attitude:this is just until I lose x number pounds. This is wherepeople fail diets. Any change required to lose weight willneed to continue after the pounds are gone. When dietersrevert to old habits, the weight creeps back on.

Diets go wrong by creating a repeated failure record.

Every time a dieter fails at a diet, stops trying andreturns to old eating habits, the chances of succeeding atthe next attempt is reduced. The dieter becomes fatalisticabout the possibility of ever losing weight.

How to win the diet battle?

The real answer to the shortcomings of diets seems to be:eat the foods you are accustomed to, but reduce the amountof everything eaten. Rather than learning new ways ofcooking, suffering through painful shopping trips for foodyou dont like, spending hours cooking and tracking theamounts eaten, simply fill your plate as usual, put part ofit back and eat the rest with a clear conscience.

A reduction of only 500 calories a day will result in aweight loss of one pound a week which adds up over time.(When was the last time you lost 52 pounds a year?) Thisapproach automatically cuts the amount of fat consumed aswell as reducing the intake of sodium, sugar andconcentrated calories such as meat and carbohydrates.

So, rather than put yourself on a diet,' make moderatechanges. Omit one large snack or dessert, and all secondhelpings each day. Eat a little less meat and high fatfoods. Add a salad or extra serving of skinny vegetablesevery day, (you know which ones.) Go for a walk aftersupper. Give it time.

And, never say diet again.

Brought to you by: World Wide Information Outlet - http://certificate.net/wwio/, your source of FREEWare Content online.
Nora Penia is an educator and writer. She has written one novel, as yet unpublished, and for over two years has written for her own online magazine entitled At the Fence, Relationships and Parenting.